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- Once these pathogens enter the host the difference in environmental conditions signals for them to germinate and turn into growing cells. Compare Inhalation anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) to Tetanus (Clostridium tetani). Besides endospores used in transmission, what is a simple explanation to help explain how each microbe survives and grows in each location?Consider the given bacterial growth curve (X axis is time, Y axis is log number of viable cells). At which time point would you expect the greatest sensitivity (ability to be killed) by a drug like penicillin? 100 120 NO 20 time (minutes) O 100 minutes O 45 minutes O 15 minutes O 140 minutes Log a of viablk cellsIn stages of bacterial growth, this is the phase where the bacterium adjusts to the new environment and the start of biosynthesis although increase in cell mass is not evident. Question options: Period of Rejuvenescence Log Phase Plateau Phase Exponential Phase
- Bacillis brevis are lysed using a valve-type homogenizer. The extent of disruption depends on the applied pressure and the number of passes through the homogenizer chamber and can be described by the equation, ln(1 − ?) = −????. Is Bacillis brevis a gram-positive or gram-negative bacterial cell? Based on this response, describe the cell wall structure and how it differs from the other type. Develop an equation for calculation of pressure as a function of the number of passes through the homogenizer. What factor(s) did you take into consideration when selecting the number of passes? Escherichia coli cells are lysed with the same homogenization, is this organism gram-positive or gram-negative? What impact does increasing the value of the constant, a, have on the required number of passes at a given pressure? What factors impact the value of a? If fine cell debris after homogenization makes subsequent solid-liquid separation difficult, what would you recommend? Answer as…Which of the following does NOT describe a mechanism of antibiotic resistance among bacteria? enzymes to hydrolyze or chemically alter the antibiotics mutations in target molecules so that antibiotics can no longer bind efflux pumps cell wall diffusion barrier, e.g. Gram-negative outer membrane, Acid Fast cell wall of Mycobacterium O increased synthesis of porins to increase antibiotic diffusion across membranesMycoplasmas are pleomorphic bacteria. How do the unique structural characteristics of mycoplasmas relate to their bacterial morphology? Mycoplasmas have a low G + C genome content. Mycoplasmas appear Gram negative when a Gram stain is performed. Mycoplasmas lack a cell wall. Mycoplasmas form colonies with a fried-egg appearance.
- If human infected with Rickettsia or hydatid cyst is consider as .***** .. O Definitive host O Dead end host Intermediated host Reservoir hostAll of the following are methods intracellular pathogens can use to srvive inside a host eell EXCEPT O create a capsule. O Escape the phagosome. O survive in the phagolysosome.In terms of geographical distribution, are parasitic flagellates (e.g., Trypanosoma spp., Leishmania tropica, Giardia lamblia, Trichomonas) cosmopolitan or localized? Explain Discuss the relationship between vector distribution of some parasites and their vectors, if any? Do they exhibit vector specificity?
- Diseases that involve biofilm-producing bacteria are of serious concern. They are not as easily treated compared with those involving free-floating (or planktonic) bacteria. Explain three reasons why biofilm formers are more pathogenic. Brian goes to the hospital after not feeling well for a week. He has a fever of 38 °C (100.4 °F) and complains of nausea and a constant migraine. Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of disease in Brian’s case.How is the correct bacterial symbiont selected in the squid–Aliivibrio symbiosis? pls give me short answer of thisA clinical microbiologist is studying a microbe that can cause infections and gastrointestinal disease in humans, and which can also survive and reproduce in mice. A dormant cyst form of the microbe infects human hosts through fecal-oral transmission if they come in contact with mouse droppings and don’t wash their hands before eating. The organism grows in long filaments when grown at 20-28 deg C, and forms round/ovoid cells when grown at temperatures above 28 deg C. Sexual reproduction (fusion of haploid gametes) occurs in both humans and mice. A cell wall is present, and cells contain nuclei. This microbe could be which of the following? Bacterium Fungus Virus Protozoan