Note the graph below, setting out a marginal cost/benefit analysis relating to environmental protection. The society seeking to maximize environmental protection, and maximize resource allocation is defined by which dotted line? Price Marginal Cost Marginal Benefit
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- Assume that the market for tradable emissions permits by power plants has been operating efficiently for severalyears. An engineering firmthen invents a lower cost device for pollution abatement. What happens to theequilibrium market price of a tradable permit, and why? Draw a supply and demand diagram, with a fixedsupply of pollution permits, along with your answer.Has the socially optimal amount of pollution increasedor decreased? ExplainSoybeans are produced and sold in a perfectly competitive market. The fertilizers used in soybean production generate a negative externality by seeping liquid contaminants into local rivers. (a) Draw a correctly labeled graph of the soybean market, and show each of the following. (i) The marginal private cost, labeled MPC (ii) The marginal social cost, labeled MSC (iii) The marginal social benefit, labeled MSB (iv) The market equilibrium quantity, labeled QC (v) The socially optimal quantity, labeled QS (vi) The area of the deadweight loss, shaded completely (b) Assume the government sets a binding price floor such that the quantity demanded in the market is between QS and QC. (i) What will happen to the quantity produced? (ii) Will the price floor reduce the deadweight loss? Explain. (c) Assume instead of a price floor, the government decides to impose a lump-sum tax. What will happen to the socially optimal quantity? Explain. (d) Assume instead of a lump-sum tax, the government…Explain the negative externalities by clarifying the drawing
- the socially optimal price? place the line segment labled pollution limit In accordance with the 1990 Clean Air Act, the hypothetical state of South Smog imposes a pollution limit on the market for steel manufacturing shown on the graph below. Place the line segment labeled "Pollution limit" at the optimal pollution limit. Price and cost ($ per ton) 10 A Pollution limit B 9 Marginal social cost 8 7 4 2 1 0 о D Marginal cost Demand = marginal benefit 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16. 18 20 Quantity in thousands of tonsASAP plz Why don't people/stores make different decisions? Cost is a factor: a case of foam take-out containers costs $25, compared with $58 for paper and recyclable-plastics. How does this affect the firm's profit? Are consumers willing to pay more? Negative externality Consider the demand and supply given above. Suppose there is an external cost given by MEC=5Q. Find social equilibrium price and quantity. Draw a graph and label both private and social equilibrium.The over-allocation or over production of goods and services leads to market failure and unsustainable development.What is an appropriate diagram to represent this statement?
- Soybeans are produced and sold in a perfectly competitive market. The fertilizers used in soybean production generate a negative externality by seeping liquid contaminants into local rivers. The local rivers are, as a result, suffering. (a) Draw a correctly labeled graph of the soybean market, and show each of the following. (i) The marginal private cost, labeled MPC (ii) The marginal social cost, labeled MSC (iii) The marginal social benefit, labeled MSB (iv) The market equilibrium quantity, labeled Qc (v) The socially optimal quantity, labeled Qs (vi) The area of the deadweight loss, shaded completely (b) Assume the government sets a binding price floor such that the quantity demanded in the market is between Qs and Qc. (i) What will happen to the quantity produced? (ii) Will the price floor reduce the deadweight loss? Explain. (c) Assume instead of a price floor, the government decides to impose a lump-sum tax. What will happen to the socially optimal quantity? Explain. (d) Assume…Suppose Scott and Bob live on the same street. in the winter, both of them like their street plowed. Bob's demand is given by 0 = 40 - P, and Scott's demand is gren by 0 = 30 - 2P. Suppose the marginal cost of plowing the snow is constant at $35 (a) What is the social marginal benefit curve? (b) What is the socially efficient amount of plowing? (c) What would be the socially efficient amount of plowing if the marginal cost of plowing were $5?Consider the network effects of delivery service by drones in Rwanda. Identify the best example of a positive external benefit generated as new customers use the drone delivery service. As demand increases for delivery service by drones, a.a wider variety of products may be delivered by drone. b.highways may be built to service remote locations. c.social networks may also grow in popularity in Rwanda. d.goods may be damaged during delivery.
- How would you distinguish between consumerism and environmentalism in terms of scope and influence?This graph represents the tobacco industry. IPrice 16 14 Social Cost 12 10 Private Cost 8 6 4 Demand 200 500 650 Quantity a) Without any government intervention, what is the market determined price and quantity? b) What is the price of the externality? c) What is the socially optimal price and quantity? d) What should the government do (impose a tax or provide a subsidy) to internalize this externality? What is the amount of the the corrective tax/subsidy needed to be to move the outcome from the market equilibrium to the socially-optimal outcome?Define the concept of a negative externality and explain the nature of the negative externality in the fishing markets i.e. describe how the self-interested actions of a fishing company might adversely affect third parties without their consent.