Please check the answer and add explanation properly n leftLLD1231. Minimum Cache CapacityGiven a list of n items accessed in sequence from a system, and a cachewith Least Recently Used (LRU) replacement policy, the goal is to determinethe minimum cache size required to ensure at least k requests hit thecache. If it is not possible to achieve k hits, return -1.Assume each item in the list has a size of 1 unit.Note: A cache following Least Recently Used (LRU) replacement policy is offixed size and when it becomes full we will delete the value which is leastrecently used and insert a new value.ExampleSuppose n = 5, requests = ["item1", "item1", "item3", "item1", "item3"], and k= 1.4With size of cache as 1, we get:

Approach to solving the question:To solve this problem, we need to simulate the process of caching…

Answered: n left LL D 1 2 3 1. Minimum Cache…

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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CA_7 Let a program use 5 contiguous words and loop these words 100 times (meaning the execution trace of this program is [012340123401234...1. Furthermore, let a cache have 4 word-sized blocks. How many misses will there be if the cache is: (a)Direct mapped? (b) Fully-associative with commonly used Least-Recently-Used replacement? (c) Fully-associative with less well-known Most-Recently-Used replacement? (d) Set-associative with two sets and uses first-in-first-out replacement? (e) Set-associative with two sets and uses first-in-last-out replacement?
A two-level cache hierarchy of L1 and L2 with 2 and 3 blocks respectively is designed. Both L1 and L2 are fully-associative with LRU replacement policy. A sequence of references (block addresses from left to right, denoted as letters) is given in the table. Both caches are empty initially. You need to simulate the contents of L1 and L2 for the given sequence. Note that each request goes to L1 first. A request is issued to L2 only if it misses L1. In case of a L2 hit, the requested block is fetched from L2 and placed into L1, both in the MRU position. In case of a L2 miss, the block is loaded from memory into both L1 and L2 caches in the MRU position. The cache contents are displayed by the block addresses from MRU position to LRU position, separated by a comma.
A two-way set associative cache memory uses blocks of four words. The cache can accommodate a total of 512 words from main memory. The main memory size is 4096 x 16 bits. Formulate all information required to construct the cache memory. How many bits are there in TAG, BLOCK (row) and WORD (column) fields? If this writeback data cache is using LRU replacement policy, trace the execution of the following references by filling in the table. ( all addresses are given HEX form)
• The entire cache block is read on any miss. • It takes one memory access to read (or write) a block from memory. • Write-allocate is used. • Write-through is used. Use the following table to show the number of memory access for each condition (row) mentioned: Cache hit? Yes Yes Assume the following properties about a cache system: Yes Yes No No No No Access Type Block dirty? Total number of memory accesses Read Read Write Write Read Read Write Write Y N Y N N Y N Y Note: "Block dirty?" is in reference to the "old" block to be replaced with the new block that the cache is attempting to access.
For a direct-mapped cache design with a 32-bit address, the following bits of the address are used to access the cache.Tag Index Offset31–10 9–5 4–01. What is the cache block size (in words)?2. How many entries does the cache have?3. What is the ratio between total bits required for such a cache implementation over the data storage bits?Starting from power on, the following byte-addressed cache references are recorded. Address 0 4 16 132 232 160 1024 30 140 3100 180 2180 How many blocks are replaced? What is the hit ratio? List the fi nal state of the cache, with each valid entry represented as a record of <index, tag, data>
For each of the cache modifications that we could perform, select whether it will increase, decrease, have no effect, or have an unknown effect on the parameter. • An unknown effect means that it could either decrease or increase the parameter in question. • No effect also includes marginal or very little effect . • When answering for multilevel caching, answer based on the caching system as a whole. Improvement Increase Cache Size (C) Increase Associativity(K) Increase Block Size(b) Use Multilevel Caching Hit Rate [Select] [Select] [Select] [Select] V Cache Access Time [Select] [Select] V [Select] [Select] V Average Memory Access Time [Select] [Select] [Select] [Select] <
2-Caches are important to providing a high-performance memory hierarchy to processors. Below is a list of 32-bit memory address references, given as word addresses. a. For each of these references, identify the binary address, the tag, and the index given a direct-mapped cache with two-word blocks and a total size of 4 blocks. Also list if each reference is a hit or a miss, assuming the cache is initially empty. 42, 180, 46, 185, 189, 3, 181, 43, 6, 189, 65, 190 b. For each of these references, identify the binary address, the tag, and the index given a direct-mapped cache with four-word blocks and a total size of 4 blocks. Also list if each reference is a hit or a miss, assuming the cache is initially empty. c. For each of these references, identify the binary address, the tag, and the index given a two way associative cache with two-word blocks and a total size of 4 blocks. Also list if each reference is a hit or a miss, assuming the cache is initially empty d. For each of these…
For each of the following overhead bits, select whether there are these bits per cache, per set, per block, or per value. • Assume the cache is a K-way set associative cache. Valid Bit Dirty Bit Tag Bits Counter if using FIFO replacement policy Counters if using LRU replacement policy Instance Per [Select] Cache Set Block Value Tecret [Select] [Select]
“Prefetching” is a technique that leverages predictable address patterns to speculatively bring in additional cache blocks when a particular cache block is accessed. One example of prefetching is a stream buff er that prefetches sequentially adjacent cache blocks into a separate buff er when a particular cache block is brought in. If the data is found in the prefetch buff er, it is considered as a hit and moved into the cache and the next cache block is prefetched. Assume a two-entry stream buff er and assume that the cache latency is such that a cache block can be loaded before the computation on the previous cache block is completed. What is the miss rate for the address stream above?Cache block size (B) can aff ect both miss rate and miss latency. Assuming a 1-CPI machine with an average of 1.35 references (both instruction and data) per instruction, help find the optimal block size given the following miss rates for various block sizes. 8: 4% 16: 3% 32: 2% 64: 1.5% 128: 1%…
To what extent may a certain log processing function access the various components of a log entry? The following code determines the median number of cache misses per entry while using 64-byte cache blocks and no prefetching.
Cache replacement policies are necessary: O to determine which block in cache should be the victim block. to determinc which cache mapping policy to use. O All of these are correct. O to decide where to put blocks when cache is empty.
CSC 472 Introduction to Database Systems Project Consider the CLOCK page replacement policy. Assume that there are only 3 page slots available in the buffer pool. If a page reference sequence is: 0, 4, 1, 4, 2, 4, 3, 4 (in order from left to right). What happens when the second 4 (i.e., the 4 underlined with blue color) is referenced? Group of answer choices Its reference bit is set to 1. Its reference bit is set to 0. It is evicted. Nothing changes.

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