Thanks Chapter 25 Multiple Systems: Paln674Multiple Systems: PainSystem-Specific Assessments: Pain"PQRST"It is well established that the client's report of pain is the best information the healthcare team can usein managing the client's pain. Below are questions to obtain information needed to develop an effectiveindividualized plan of care for pain management (American Society for Pain Management Nursing,2010).Assess:• Pain history (i.e., prior experience with pain, what has relieved pain in the past, etc.)• Vital signs• Non-verbal cues (i.e., restlessness, verbal moaning, muscle tension, facial expression, etc.)"PQRST"Provokes: What causes pain? What alleviates the pain?Quality: How does it feel? What is effect of pain on function & quality of life?Radiates: Where is the pain and does the pain radiate to another location?Severity/Intensity: How severe is the pain based on age appropriate pain scale?(i.e., Visual Analog Scale, Numeric Rating Scale, FACES Pain Scale, etc.).Time: When did the pain start? Is it constant or intermittent?Multiple Systems: PainSystem-Specific Assessments: PainTypes of Pain ScalesPain scales are an objective way to help the client describe their pain to facilitate a plan of care foreffective pain management. The pain scale should be chosen that will best fit the individual needs anddevelopmental age of the client.VISUAL ANALOG SCALE(VAS)NUMERIC RATINGSCALE (NRS)FACES PAIN SCALEREVISED FACES PAINRATING SCALE:THE BEHAVIOR PAIN RATING SCALE(BPS)It is a line (10 cm) in lengthwith the words "No Pain"at one end and at the otherend, the words "WorstPain Imaginable." The client intense, worst pain Frowning tearful face =indicates where on the linetheir pain is. The line canhave numeric value pointson it.A scale of 0-10.Word descriptions under 6faces.A reliable assessment tool for moderatelyto deeply sedated clients because thethree measurements do not require clientcooperation or communication. Behaviors0 = no pain10 = the mostSmiling face = no painare:worst painThe faces are numbered 0,2, 4, 6, 8 and 10.The faces with 0 =no painto 10 =worst pain.Restlessness• Muscle tension• Facial expression• Vocalization• Wound guardingBehaviors are given a 0 to 2 rating with 2being the worst.No PainWorst PainImaginablePain scale is reliable for usewith children and adults.(Wagner & Hardin-Pierce, 2014)

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Thanks Chapter 25 Multiple Systems: Paln674Multiple Systems: PainSystem-Specific Assessments: Pain&#34;PQRST&#34;It is well established that the client's report of pain is the best information the healthcare team can usein managing the client's pain. Below are questions to obtain information needed to develop an effectiveindividualized plan of care for pain management (American Society for Pain Management Nursing,2010).Assess:• Pain history (i.e., prior experience with pain, what has relieved pain in the past, etc.)• Vital signs• Non-verbal cues (i.e., restlessness, verbal moaning, muscle tension, facial expression, etc.)&#34;PQRST&#34;Provokes: What causes pain? What alleviates the pain?Quality: How does it feel? What is effect of pain on function & quality of life?Radiates: Where is the pain and does the pain radiate to another location?Severity/Intensity: How severe is the pain based on age appropriate pain scale?(i.e., Visual Analog Scale, Numeric Rating Scale, FACES Pain Scale, etc.).Time: When did the pain start? Is it constant or intermittent?Multiple Systems: PainSystem-Specific Assessments: PainTypes of Pain ScalesPain scales are an objective way to help the client describe their pain to facilitate a plan of care foreffective pain management. The pain scale should be chosen that will best fit the individual needs anddevelopmental age of the client.VISUAL ANALOG SCALE(VAS)NUMERIC RATINGSCALE (NRS)FACES PAIN SCALEREVISED FACES PAINRATING SCALE:THE BEHAVIOR PAIN RATING SCALE(BPS)It is a line (10 cm) in lengthwith the words &#34;No Pain&#34;at one end and at the otherend, the words &#34;WorstPain Imaginable.&#34; The client intense, worst pain Frowning tearful face =indicates where on the linetheir pain is. The line canhave numeric value pointson it.A scale of 0-10.Word descriptions under 6faces.A reliable assessment tool for moderatelyto deeply sedated clients because thethree measurements do not require clientcooperation or communication. Behaviors0 = no pain10 = the mostSmiling face = no painare:worst painThe faces are numbered 0,2, 4, 6, 8 and 10.The faces with 0 =no painto 10 =worst pain.Restlessness• Muscle tension• Facial expression• Vocalization• Wound guardingBehaviors are given a 0 to 2 rating with 2being the worst.No PainWorst PainImaginablePain scale is reliable for usewith children and adults.(Wagner & Hardin-Pierce, 2014)

Accepted Answer

What is pain-
Pain is a unpleasant experience in which person feels uncomfortable and feeling prick,…