Interpreting a Production Possibilities Curve BUTTER ($ billions) 35- 30 25 20 15 10 5 C 0 5 d 10 15 20 Curve 1 25 Curve 2 GUNS ($ billions) 30 35 1. At which point on the curve is this nation likely to be at war? 2. How many billions of dollars are being spent on domestic goods at this point? On military goods? 3. At which point on the curve is this nation likely to be at peace, but still militarily prepared? 4. At this point, what is the amount of reduction in military spending from the point identified in question 1? 5. At which point is this nation in an apparent recession, underutilizing its resources? 6. What is the recessionary gap in terms of "butter"? What is the recessionary gap in terms of "guns"?

Interpreting a Production Possibilities Curve BUTTER ($ billions) 35- 30 25 20 15 10 5 C 0 5 d 10 15 20 Curve 1 25 Curve 2 GUNS ($ billions) 30 35 1. At which point on the curve is this nation likely to be at war? 2. How many billions of dollars are being spent on domestic goods at this point? On military goods? 3. At which point on the curve is this nation likely to be at peace, but still militarily prepared? 4. At this point, what is the amount of reduction in military spending from the point identified in question 1? 5. At which point is this nation in an apparent recession, underutilizing its resources? 6. What is the recessionary gap in terms of "butter"? What is the recessionary gap in terms of "guns"?

Essentials of Economics (MindTap Course List)

8th Edition

ISBN:9781337091992

Author:N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw

Chapter3: Interdependence And The Gains From Trade

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8PA

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315553/quizzes/3862261/take Course Placement CT CT2Learn Assume that our world consists of only two countries: the United States (US) and the Rest of the World (ROW). Both of these countries produce airplanes and computers. The amounts of each good produced during an hour in each country are provided in the table below. US Airplanes 5 Computers 15 In computers? P In-Text Citations ▸ Study.com G Google in the US? ROW 1. Based on this table, who has the absolute advantage in airplanes? in the ROW? 4 10 1. What is the opportunity cost of 1 airplane: computers per airplane Q Search computers per airplane What is the opportunity cost of 1 computer in the US? airplanes per computer PRE - ParentVUE SAM SAM y! Infor W @=
10. Price ($/ton) SUs A 350 300 200 100 10 15 20 Quantity of Sugar (milliontons) A) Using the prior graph if the U.S. did not trade what price would the good cost? If the world price was $200 what quantity would the U.S. produce? What quantity would be imported. What is consumer surplus at the world price? What is producer surplus at the world price? (Using labels do not use math) Who benefits from the free trade and who gets hurt? B) If the U.S. government puts a tariff on the good so now the price is $300 who benefits, who is hurt? What quantity will U.S. producers now produce? What happens to consumer surplus and producer surplus at this new price? What does the government gain from the tariff? C) Who benefits from free trade overall? Who benefits from trade restrictions? Why is a tariff the most used trade restriction? C.
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Price ($/ton) Sus A 350 B 300 E 200 G Dus K 100 10 15 20 Quantity of Sugar (milliontons) A) Using the prior graph if the U.S. did not trade what price would the good cost? If the world price was $200 what quantity would the U.S. produce? What quantity would be imported. What is consumer surplus at the world price? What is producer surplus at the world price? (Using labels do not use math) Who benefits from the free trade and who gets hurt? B) If the U.S. government puts a tariff on the good so now the price is $300 who benefits, who is hurt? What quantity will U.S. producers now produce? What happens to consumer surplus and producer surplus at this new price? What does the government gain from the tariff? C) Who benefits from free trade overall? Who benefits from trade restrictions? Why is a tariff the most used trade restriction?
(b) Assuming that there are only two nations in the world, Africa and the USA, each nation produces gold (G) and corn (C). Also assume that labor is the only factor of production. The table below shows how much of each good a country can produce using one hour of labor time. AFRICA USA GASOLINE 50 15 (barrels/hr) CORN (tonnes/hr) 30 25 I. Identify which country has the Absolute Advantage and Disadvantage in each good. Justify your answer. II. Identify which country has the Comparative Advantage and Disadvantage in each good. Justify your answer. II. What is a term of trade? Identify the term of trade for both countries. Justify your answer.
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Review the numbers for Canada and Venezuela from Table 33.12 which describes how many barrels of oil and tons of lumber the workers can produce. Use these numbers to answer the rest of this question. Draw a production possibilities frontier for each country. Assume there are 100 workers in each country. Canadians and Venezuelans desire both oil and lumber. Canadians want at least 2,000 tons of lumber. Mark a point on their production possibilities where they can get at least 3,000 tons. Assume that the Canadians specialize completely because they figured out they have a comparative advantage in lumber. They are willing to give up 1,000 tons of lumber. How much oil should they ask for in return for this lumber to be as well off as they were with no trade? How much should they ask for if they want to gain from trading with Venezuela? Note: We can think of this ask as the relative price or trade price of lumber. Is the Canadian ask you identified in (b) also beneficial for Venezuelans? Use the production possibilities frontier graph for Venezuela to show that Venezuelans can gain from trade.
Table 33.15 shows how the average costs of production for semiconductors (the chips In computer memories) change as the quantity of semiconductors built at that factory increases. Based on these data, sketch a curve with quantity produced on the horizontal axis and average cost of production on the vertical axis. How does the curve illustrate economies of scale? If the equilibrium quantity of semiconductors demanded is 90,000, can this economy take full advantage of economies of scale? What about if quantity demanded is 70,000 semiconductors? 50,000 semiconductors? 30,000 semiconductors? Explain how international trade could make it possible for even a small economy to take full advantage of economies of scale, while also benefiting from competition and the variety offered by several producers.