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- Match the transport process to the correct description or example. Primary Active Transport is: Group of answer choices transport of glucose out of cell, with its concentration gradient transport of sodium out of a neuron using the sodium potassium pump breaking of a covalent bond to create new molecules transport of large macromolecules into a cell transport of signal molecules out of an endocrine cell transport of a steroid hormone into a cell transport of glucose into a cell, against its concentration gradient import of an entire bacterium into a white blood celldescribe in detail:how the Serotonin transporter works whether it is an active or passive transportera specific type of cell that it can be found in and why it is important in this cell typeconsequences for body function when this transporter type fails (due to a mutation that makes it non-functionalThe sodium-calcium-exchanger (NCX) protein is an antiport protein that is located in the membranes of cardiac muscle cells in humans as well as other cells. Antiport proteins transport two different solutes in opposite directions. The sodium-calcium-exchanger protein functions by secondary active transport and requires the sodium-potassium pump in order to function. The sodium-potassium pump functions by primary active transport and transports sodium ions from the intracellular fluid to the extracellular fluid. • Describe how the sodium-potassium pump provides energy for the function of the sodium-calcium-exchanger. Considering that the NCX protein is an antiport protein, describe the concentration gradient of calcium on both sides of the cell membrane. Describe the direction that the calcium ions are transported.
- The resting membrane potential is established by? The Na+/K+-ATPase pumping Na+ into the cell and K+ out of the cell The Na+/K+-ATPase pumping K+ into the cell and Na+ out of the cell A larger diffusion of K+ out of the cell compared to diffusion of Na+ into the cell A larger diffusion of K+ into the cell compared to diffusion of Na+ out of the cell a) and d) b) and c). The is primarily responsible for establishing the negative resting membrane potential of neuronal cells and is an example of transport system.How is the cell membrane like a battery? Membrane potential (think of the properties of a battery) Resting membrane potential Na+ and K+ ions -> -70 mV Na+/K+ pump Stored energy for work
- When the nerves deliver a signal to contract, Ca++ (calcium ions) rush into the cell. The calcium ion influx causes specialized fibers to contract. Afterward, calcium ions are pumped out of the cell by calcium ATPases. What transport type(s) is occuring?s antiporter only ion gated transport followed by active transport active transport only ion gated transport only active transport followed by ion gated transportThe distribution of water is determined by solute concentrations. A hypertonic solution would cause a body cell to shrink in size. Both statements are true. Both statements are false. The first statement is true and the second statement is false. The first statement is false and the second statement is true. Spaced practice question: Consider a membrane protein and its chemistry. Which of the following would describe a channel protein? It is an inorganic compound. It is an example of a globular (functional) protein. It is stable when exposed to an acidic environment. It is an example of a fibrous (structural) protein.Describe the contribution of each of the following to establishing and maintaining membrane potential: (a) the Na+K+ pump, (b) passive movement of K+ across the membrane, (c) passive movement of Na+ across the membrane, and (d) the large intracellular anions.
- When nerve cells contact each other, they form adherens junctions (AJs) at the point of contact. The main transmembrane (TM) protein in the junctions is N-cadherin. N-cadherin is a single pass TM protein with a short intracellular domain and a large extracellular domain on the amino end. Proper formation of the AJs requires both actin (MF) and microtubules (MTs). Motor proteins for MTs are dynein (-) end and kinesin (+) end (and were discovered by Michael Sheetz). Maintenance of preformed AJs requires MFs . Adding drugs that disrupt MFs causes AJs to fall apart, and the N-cadherin is removed from the PM (by endocytosis). If the drugs are removed, MTs (& MFs) are required to restore the N-cadherin to the plasma membrane. choose answer for D1 and D2 D. Suppose cells contain a soluble kinase that modifies N-cadherin that has been removed from the PM. D-1. The kinase could catalyze modification(s) of the side chains of amino acids near (the N end) (the C end) (either end, but not…Which of the following describe active transport or is an example of act transport of a substance across a membrane? Choose all correct answer Glucose transport into intestinal epithelial cells Glucose transport into muscle cells Na* ion pumping out and K* ion pumping into the cell Transport requires a mediator Requires input of energy for transport Movement of ligand against the concentration gradientSNAT2 (a membrane protein) determines the cell’s content of most amino acids. It acts as a symport (or co-transporter) of Na+ and amino acids. On the outside of the cell, the Na+ concentration is higher than the inside. The amino acid concentration on the inside of the cell is higher than the outside. When both Na+ and an amino acid bind to the SNAT2 membrane channel on the outside of the cell, there is a conformational change allowing the energy from electrochemical gradient of Na+ for the transport of the amino acid into the cell. a. Draw this scenario and label your representations of Na+, amino acids, SNAT2, and the membrane. b. What kind of transport is this, simple diffusion, facilitated, diffusion, active transport, 1o active transport, or 2o active transport? Explain your choice. Thanks