In 1998 using the Keck II Telescope, scientist discover some previously undetected young stars that are only 150 light year from the earth. Suppose a space probe is flown to one of these stars at a speed of 0.98c. The battery that powers the communication system can run for 40years. will the battery still be good, when the space probe reaches the star?show?
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- Question 8 The star Betelgeuse is about 520 light-years away, If the speed of light were twice its present value, how far away would Betelgeuse be? O 2080 ly O 560 ly O 260 ly O 1040 ly O 130 ly Question 9 Which of the following is the reason for an ocean of water under Europa's frozen surface? O Europa had many icy comets crash into the surface bring water to the moon and melting the water as it fell into the core. O Furopa formed with an unusual amount of liquid water in the core and the coldness of space wasn't able to freeze it. O upiter's strong gravitational force is causing Europa to flex in its orbit, leading to an increase in internal heating. O Europa's close proximity to Jupiter puts it into a gravitational tug-of-war with Jupiter's targest moon Ganymede. Question 10 How was Neptune discovered? O When a large comet broke up and hit the planet, the explosion was seen from Earth-based telescopes O From a large sky survey that identified the "blue-green" planet. O By watching…Another commonly calculated velocity in galactic dynamics is the escape velocity vesc, that is the minimum velocity a star must have in order to escape the gravitational field of the galaxy. (a) Starting from the work required to move a body over a distance dr against f show that the escape velocity from a point mass galaxy is vsc = 2GM/r where r is your initial distance. (b) Since we know galaxies aren't actually point-masses, also show that vesc from r for a galaxy with a p(r) xr¯² density profile is vese that R is a cutoff radius at which the mass density is zero. = 2v(1+ ln(R/r)). Here you must assume (c) The largest velocity measured for any star in the solar neighbourhood, at r=8 kpc, is 440 km/s. Assuming that this star is still bound to the galaxy, find the lower limit (in kiloparsecs), to the cutoff radius R and a lower limit (in solar units) to the mass of the galaxy. Note the solar rotation velocity is 220 km/s.Another commonly calculated velocity in galactic dynamics is the escape velocity vesc, that is the minimum velocity a star must have in order to escape the gravitational field of the galaxy. (a) Starting from the work required to move a body over a distance dr against f show that the escape velocity from a point mass galaxy is vse = 2GM/r where r is your initial distance. (b) Since we know galaxies aren't actually point-masses, also show that vesc from r for a galaxy with a p(r) x r-² density profile is vse = 2v²(1+ ln(R/r)). Here you must assume that R is a cutoff radius at which the mass density is zero. (c) The largest velocity measured for any star in the solar neighbourhood, at r=8 kpc, is 440 km/s. Assuming that this star is still bound to the galaxy, find the lower limit (in kiloparsecs), to the cutoff radius R and a lower limit (in solar units) to the mass of the galaxy. Note the solar rotation velocity is 220 km/s.
- Suppose the proper length of a UFO rocketship is 3475 kilometers, L. Then how fast is the rocketship moving relative to the Earth? Parameter value: L = 530 km Give the value of a = (c - v)/c. OB: OA: 9.999x10-3 1.170x10-2 OC: 1.369x10-2 OD: 1.602x10-2 but its length observed by a telescope on Earth is OE: OF: 1.874x10-2 2.192x10-2 OG: 2.565x10-2 OH: 3.001x10-2A star is observed to move away from us at a speed of 2.8km/s. How far is the star ? Express your answer in light years. And the answer is NOT 1.24The farthest objects in our Universe discovered by modern astronomers are so distant that light emitted by them takes billions of years to reach the Earth. These objects (known as quasars) have many puzzling features, which have not yet been satisfactorily explained. What is the distance in km of a quasar from which light takes 3.0 billion years to reach us ?
- Suppose astronomers found evidence of an earth-like planet 20 lightyears away. a) what may be two ethical considerations that one may consider when deciding if humans should travel to this planet? b) how fast would a spaceship need to travel if the roundtrip can no take longer than 40 years for the astronauts? c) how much time will the trip take according to the people on earth?A distant galaxy is observed with a spectrometer. This galaxy produces an emission line that is identified as a Hydrogen transition that normally has a wavelength of 21 cm. For this galaxy, however, the emission line is observed at a wavelength of 33 cm. How fast is this galaxy moving away from us in units of km/s [round off your answer to 1 km/s]A stellar black hole may form when a massive star dies. The mass of the star collapses down to a single point. Imagine an astronaut orbiting a black hole having eight times the mass of the Sun. Assume the orbit is circular. a. Find the speed of the astronaut if his orbital radius is r = 1 AU. b. Find his speed if his orbital radius is r = 11.8 km. c. CHECK and THINK: Compare your answers to the speed of light in a vacuum. What would the astronauts orbital speed be if his orbital radius were smaller than 11.8 km?
- In the Check Your Learning section of Example 27.1, you were told that several lines of hydrogen absorption in the visible spectrum have rest wavelengths of 410 nm, 434 nm, 486 nm, and 656 nm. In a spectrum of a distant galaxy, these same lines are observed to have wavelengths of 492 nm, 521 nm, 583 nm, and 787 nm, respectively. The example demonstrated that z=0.20 for the 410 nm line. Show that you will obtain the same redshift regardless of which absorption line you measure.A friend tries to convince you that she can easily see a quasar in her backyard telescope. Would you believe her claim?Suppose an alien race on a distant planet tries to send a message to us, with a laser (light). However, we were unaware that there is a stellar-mass black hole almost directly between us and them. How would this complicate our attempts to locate their position in the Galaxy? O Gravitational lensing would make the signal appear to be coming from a different location O The information carried by the laser (light) would be altered O It would not matter The black hole absorbs all of the light