Heck reactions take place with alkynes as well as alkenes. The following conversion involves an intramolecular Heck reaction followed by an intermolecular Heck. Work out the reaction sequence on a separate sheet of paper, and then draw the structure of the palladium-containing intermediate A. 1% mol Pd(OAc)₂ CO₂Me 4% mol Ph₂P CH₂CN A (1 ring) B (2 rings) C (2 rings) • Consider E/Z stereochemistry of alkenes. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading. • Use R1 to represent the palladium complex. The R group tool is located in the charges and lone pairs drop-down menu. ) - [ MeO₂C
Reactions of Ethers
Ethers (R-O-R’) are compounds formed by replacing hydrogen atoms of an alcohol (R-OH compound) or a phenol (C6H5OH) by an aryl/ acyl group (functional group after removing single hydrogen from an aromatic ring). In this section, reaction, preparation and behavior of ethers are discussed in the context of organic chemistry.
Epoxides
Epoxides are a special class of cyclic ethers which are an important functional group in organic chemistry and generate reactive centers due to their unusual high reactivity. Due to their high reactivity, epoxides are considered to be toxic and mutagenic.
Williamson Ether Synthesis
An organic reaction in which an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol forms ether is known as Williamson ether synthesis. Alexander Williamson developed the Williamson ether synthesis in 1850. The formation of ether in this synthesis is an SN2 reaction.
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