Given: As shown, the economy was on the intermediate range of the aggregate supply curve when the Aggregate Demand Curve shifted left from ADo to AD1: Question: In this above situation, which of the following answers is correct? a) Both real GDP and the price level would fall. Ob) Both real GDP and the price level would rise. Oc) Real GDP will rise and the price level would fall. d) Real GDP will fall and the price level would rise.
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- P4 AS2 AS, Aggregate output Y Figure 11.3 Refer to Figure 11.3. Hurricane Katrina destroyed a large portion of the infrastructure along the Gulf of Mexico coast. This caused Select one: a. the short-run aggregate supply curve to shift from AS 1 to AS 0- b. the short-run aggregate supply curve to shift from AS 1 to AS 2. c. the economy to move from Point C to Point B along AS 1. d. the economy to move from Point B to Point A along AS 1. Price level9. Which of the following will shift the aggregate demand curve to the right, ceteris paribus? A) an increase in interest rates B) a decrease in disposable income C) a decrease in expected profits for firms D) an increase in net exports 10. If the U.S. dollar decreases in value relative to other currencies, how does this affect the aggregate demand curve? A) This will move the economy up along a stationary aggregate demand curve. B) This will move the economy down along a stationary aggregate demand curve. C) This will shift the aggregate demand curve to the left. D) This will shift the aggregate demand curve to the rightWhich of the following would cause the aggregate supply curve to increase... Throughout the economy, workers are using better equipment and output per hour is rising. O Consumers are more confident and spending more than before. The government has reduced its spending by more than 10% over the last 2 years Energy prices such as gas and electricity have increased rapidly throughout the country. 1 f6 1 f7 Mill liji fg 110
- Assume that (a)the price level is flexible upward but not downward and (b) the economy iscurrently operating at its full-employment output. Other things equal, how willeach of the following affect the equilibrium price level and equilibrium levelof real output in the short run?· An increase in aggregate demand.· A decrease in aggregate supply, with no change in aggregatedemand.· Equal increases in aggregate demand and aggregate supply.· A decrease in aggregate demand.· An increase in aggregate demand that exceeds an increase inaggregate supply.1-What is the general relationship between a country's price level and the quantitiy of it's domestic output (Real GDP) demanded? Who are the buyers of real US GDP? 2- what assumptions cause the immediate -short-run aggregate supply curve to be horizontal? why is the long-run aggregate supply curve vertical? Explain the shape of the short-run aggregate supply curve . Why is the short-run curve relatively flat to the left of the full employment output and relatively steep to the right ? 3- why does a reduction in aggregate demand tend to reduce real output, rather than the price level? 4- Explain" unemployment can be caused by a decrease of aggregate demand or a decrease of aggregate supply ."In each case , specify the price level outcomes . 5- In early 2001 investment spending declined in the USA. In the 2 months follwing september , 11 2001 attacks on the US, consumption also declined . Use Ad-AS analysis to show the two impacts on Real GDP. 6- Using the concept of the multiplier ,…2. An introduction to the AD-AS model The aggregate demand and aggregate supply model is a useful simplification of the macroeconomy used to explain short-run fluctuations in economic activity around its long-run trend. The vertical axis of a diagram of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply curves measures which of the following? An economy’s price level The amount of a particular representative good produced in the economy The price of a particular representative good produced in the economy Which of the following are reasons that the short-run aggregate supply curve slopes upward? Check all that apply. As the price level rises, firms expand their production because they can sell their output for more money. As the price level rises, firms find it more profitable to hire workers at any given wage. As the price level rises, firms decrease their investment because it is more expensive to purchase capital.
- . Fill-in-the-Blank: A falling demand for investment goods results in a (n) _________ in aggregate demand5. Determine the effect of the following events would on the aggregate demand (AD) curve whether shifting AD to the right (R) or to the left (L). Then indicate reasons why relating to the question 3. Think graphically! (a) After a budget surplus, Congress moves to cut personal income taxes. This will shift AD to the ) because ( increase, decrease ) in consumer spending. (b) A boost in research and development by computer companies produces more powerful and efficient computers and equipment. This will shift AD to the ( ) because ( increase, decrease ) in spending. (c) Income rises in several countries that trade heavily with the U.S. This will shift AD to the ( ) because ( increase, decrease ) in spending. What if prices fall across several industries? Then AD curve will (shift outward, shift inward, not shift ). This is because prices ( are, are not ) a component of AD. Rather, a fall in prices will cause a movement ( upward, downward ) along the AD curve.12. Using aggregate demand, short-run aggregate supply, and long-run aggregate supply curves, explain the process by which each of the following government policies will move the economy from one long-run macroeconomic equilibrium to another. Illustrate with diagrams. In each case, what are the short-run and long-run effects on the aggregate price level and aggre- gate output? a. There is an increase in taxes on households. b. There is an increase in the quantity of money. c. There is an increase in government spending.
- Refer to the table below. Real Output Demanded, Billions Price Level Real Output Supplied, Billions $ 506 108 $ 513 508 104 512 510 100 510 512 96 507 514 92 502 Instructions: Enter your anwers as whole numbers. A). What is the equilibrium level of output? What is the equilibrium price level? B). Suppose that aggregate demand increases such that the amount of real output demanded rises by $ 7 billion at each price level. Insert the new values for real output demanded in the table below. Real Output Demanded, Billions New Real Output Demanded, Billions Price Level Real Output Supplied, Billions $ 506 108 $ 513 508 104 512 510 100 510 512 96 507 514 92 502 What is the new equilibrium level of output? What is the new equilibrium price level? By what percentage will the price level increase? Will this inflation be demand-pull inflation or will it be cost-push inflation? C) If potential real GDP ( that is, full-employment GDP) is $ 510…4. Suppose that people expect inflation to equal 3 percent, but in fact prices rise by 5 percent. Indicate whether this unexpected higher rate of inflation would help or hurt each of the following groups. a homeowner with a fixed-rate mortgage. a union worker with a fixed labor contract a company that has invested some of its endowment in a government bonds which pay a fixed rate of return. 5. Indicate how each of the following events would affect the aggregate demand AD curve: a short-run decrease in the price level an increase in consumer confidence on the price level and real GDP an increase in government purchasesPrice Leve 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 0 AD AD₁ 80 160 240 320 400 480 560 640 720 800 Real GDP (billions of dollars) Instructions: Enter your answer as a whole number. If you are entering a negative number include a minus sign. a. How much does aggregate demand need to change to restore the economy to its long-run equilibrium? -320 billion b. If the MPC is 0.8, how much do taxes need to change to shift aggregate demand by the amount you found in part a? 80 billion Suppose instead that the MPC is 0.6. c. How much does aggregate demand and taxes need to change to restore the economy to its long-run equilibrium? Aggregate demand needs to change by $1 ] billion and taxes need to change by $1 billion.