Fog can greatly reduce the intensity of oncoming headlights. The distance, d, in metres, of an oncoming car whose headlights have an intensity of light, I, in lumens (lm), is given by ? = −167log⁡(1/125). a. How far away is a car whose headlight intensity is 50lm? b. If an oncoming car is 30m away, what is the intensity of its headlights? c. If the headlight intensity doubles, does this mean the car is half as far away? Explain.

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Shock Waves

Shock waves are common in continuum mechanics, and their dominance is attributable to the fact that they are stronger (or even less) compressible. Substantial perturbations propagated as sudden dynamic changes of a compressible medium supersonically. Shock waves are all around us in our daily lives. Lightning, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and meteorite impact all produce them in nature. Even the earth, which is protected by its magnetic field, generates a shock wave as in solar wind that travels around 20 Earth radiuses. These shock waves might be either constant, linked to the body, or unsteady, i.e., moving around with time. All of the shocks mentioned above can be damaging, so precautions must be taken to reduce their impact.