Flexible Budgeting and Variance Analysis I Love My Chocolate Company makes dark chocolate and light chocolate. Both products require cocoa and sugar. The following planning information has been made available: Standard Amount per Case Dark Chocolate Light Chocolate Standard Price per Pound Cocoa 10 lbs. 7 lbs. $4.70 Sugar 8 lbs. 12 lbs. 0.60 Standard labor time 0.3 hr. 0.4 hr. Dark Chocolate Light Chocolate Planned production 3,800 cases 10,600 cases Standard labor rate $15.50 per hr. $15.50 per hr. I Love My Chocolate Company does not expect there to be any beginning or ending inventories of cocoa or sugar. At the end of the budget year, I Love My Chocolate Company had the following actual results: Dark Chocolate Light Chocolate Actual production (cases) 3,600 11,000 Actual Price per Pound Actual Pounds Purchased and Used Cocoa $4.80 113,600 Sugar 0.55 156,800 Actual Labor Rate Actual Labor Hours Used Dark chocolate $15.20 per hr. 980 Light chocolate 15.80 per hr. 4,510 Required: 1. Prepare the following variance analyses for both chocolates and the total, based on the actual results and production levels at the end of the budget year: a. Direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total variance. b. Direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. a. Direct materials price variance $ Unfavorable Direct materials quantity variance $ Unfavorable Total direct materials cost variance $ Unfavorable b. Direct labor rate variance $ Unfavorable Direct labor time variance $ Unfavorable Total direct labor cost variance $ Unfavorable 2. The variance analyses should be based on the standard amounts at actual volumes. The budget must flex with the volume changes. If the actual volume is different from the planned volume, as it was in this case, then the budget used for performance evaluation should reflect the change in direct materials and direct labor that will be required for the actual production. In this way, spending from volume changes can be separated from efficiency and price variances.

Flexible Budgeting and Variance Analysis I Love My Chocolate Company makes dark chocolate and light chocolate. Both products require cocoa and sugar. The following planning information has been made available: Standard Amount per Case Dark Chocolate Light Chocolate Standard Price per Pound Cocoa 10 lbs. 7 lbs. $4.70 Sugar 8 lbs. 12 lbs. 0.60 Standard labor time 0.3 hr. 0.4 hr. Dark Chocolate Light Chocolate Planned production 3,800 cases 10,600 cases Standard labor rate $15.50 per hr. $15.50 per hr. I Love My Chocolate Company does not expect there to be any beginning or ending inventories of cocoa or sugar. At the end of the budget year, I Love My Chocolate Company had the following actual results: Dark Chocolate Light Chocolate Actual production (cases) 3,600 11,000 Actual Price per Pound Actual Pounds Purchased and Used Cocoa $4.80 113,600 Sugar 0.55 156,800 Actual Labor Rate Actual Labor Hours Used Dark chocolate $15.20 per hr. 980 Light chocolate 15.80 per hr. 4,510 Required: 1. Prepare the following variance analyses for both chocolates and the total, based on the actual results and production levels at the end of the budget year: a. Direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total variance. b. Direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. a. Direct materials price variance $ Unfavorable Direct materials quantity variance $ Unfavorable Total direct materials cost variance $ Unfavorable b. Direct labor rate variance $ Unfavorable Direct labor time variance $ Unfavorable Total direct labor cost variance $ Unfavorable 2. The variance analyses should be based on the standard amounts at actual volumes. The budget must flex with the volume changes. If the actual volume is different from the planned volume, as it was in this case, then the budget used for performance evaluation should reflect the change in direct materials and direct labor that will be required for the actual production. In this way, spending from volume changes can be separated from efficiency and price variances.

Managerial Accounting

15th Edition

ISBN:9781337912020

Author:Carl Warren, Ph.d. Cma William B. Tayler

Publisher:Carl Warren, Ph.d. Cma William B. Tayler

Chapter13: Lean Manufacturing And Activity Analysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4E

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Flexible Budgeting and Variance Analysis

I Love My Chocolate Company makes dark chocolate and light chocolate. Both products require cocoa and sugar. The following planning information has been made available:

Standard Amount per Case
	Dark Chocolate	Light Chocolate	Standard Price per Pound
Cocoa	10 lbs.		7 lbs.	$4.70
Sugar	8 lbs.		12 lbs.	0.60
Standard labor time	0.3 hr.		0.4 hr.

	Dark Chocolate	Light Chocolate
Planned production	3,800 cases		10,600 cases
Standard labor rate	$15.50 per hr.		$15.50 per hr.

I Love My Chocolate Company does not expect there to be any beginning or ending inventories of cocoa or sugar. At the end of the budget year, I Love My Chocolate Company had the following actual results:

	Dark Chocolate	Light Chocolate
Actual production (cases)	3,600	11,000
	Actual Price per Pound	Actual Pounds Purchased and Used
Cocoa	$4.80		113,600
Sugar	0.55		156,800
	Actual Labor Rate	Actual Labor Hours Used
Dark chocolate	$15.20 per hr.		980
Light chocolate	15.80 per hr.		4,510

Required:

1. Prepare the following variance analyses for both chocolates and the total, based on the actual results and production levels at the end of the budget year:

a. Direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total variance.

b. Direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total variance.

Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.

a.	Direct materials price variance	$	Unfavorable
	Direct materials quantity variance	$	Unfavorable
	Total direct materials cost variance	$	Unfavorable

b.	Direct labor rate variance	$	Unfavorable
	Direct labor time variance	$	Unfavorable
	Total direct labor cost variance	$	Unfavorable

2. The variance analyses should be based on the standard amounts at actual volumes. The budget must flex with the volume changes. If the actual volume is different from the planned volume, as it was in this case, then the budget used for performance evaluation should reflect the change in direct materials and direct labor that will be required for the actual production. In this way, spending from volume changes can be separated from efficiency and price variances.

Definition Definition Measure used to estimate the difference between the budgeted and annual proportion for a specific accounting year. A favorable budget variance refers to positive variances or gains, while unfavorable or negative variances refer to a shortfall in the budget. A budget variance is indicative of the instances where the actual costs incurred are higher or lower than the estimated costs.

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