Executive management at Cup of Joe coffee shops is very pessimistic about the chain's ability to maintain current sales volume and estimates decreases in sales in each of the next six years. Decrease in the company's profit will be :minimum if management creates a(n) low leverage cost structure. O operating leverage does not affect decrease in profit. O cost structure does not affect decrease in profit. O medium leverage cost structure. high leverage cost structure. O
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- 2. The sales for T-2 are decreasing and the purchase costs are increasing. The firm might drop T-2 and sell only T-1. Barbour allocates fixed costs to products on the basis of sales revenue. When the president of Barbour saw the income statements (see below), he agreed that T-2 should be dropped. If T-2 is dropped, sales of T-1 are expected to increase by 10% next year, but the firm’s cost structure will remain the same. T-1 T-2 Sales $ 245,000 $ 296,000 Variable costs: Cost of goods sold 79,000 148,000 Selling & administrative 19,000 59,000 Contribution margin $ 147,000 $ 89,000 Fixed expenses: Fixed corporate costs 69,000 84,000 Fixed selling and administrative 21,000 30,000 Total fixed expenses $ 90,000 $ 114,000 Operating income $ 57,000 $ (25,000 ) Required: 1. Find the expected change in annual operating income by dropping T-2 and selling only T-1. 2. By what percentage…A corporation that is a single product firm is predicting that a price increase next year will cause unit sales to decrease. What effect would this price increase have on the following items for next year? A) B) C) D) Contribution Margin Ratio Increase Decrease Increase Decrease Multiple Choice Break-even Point Decrease Decrease No effect No effectSuppose you are analyzing a firm that is successfully executing a strategy that differentiates its products from those of its competitors. Because of this strategy, you project that next year the firm will generate 6.0% revenue growth from price increases and 3.0% revenue growth from sales volume increases. Assume that the firms production cost structure involves strictly variable costs. (That is, the cost to produce each unit of product remains the same.) Should you project that the firms gross profit will increase next year? If you project that the gross profit will increase, is the increase a result of volume growth, price growth, or both? Should you project that the firms gross profit margin (gross profit divided by sales) will increase next year? If you project that the gross profit margin will increase, is the increase a result of volume growth, price growth, or both?
- Danna Martin, president of Mays Electronics, was concerned about the end-of-the year marketing report that she had just received. According to Larry Savage, marketing manager, a price decrease for the coming year was again needed to maintain the companys annual sales volume of integrated circuit boards (CBs). This would make a bad situation worse. The current selling price of 18 per unit was producing a 2-per-unit profithalf the customary 4-per-unit profit. Foreign competitors kept reducing their prices. To match the latest reduction would reduce the price from 18 to 14. This would put the price below the cost to produce and sell it. How could these firms sell for such a low price? Determined to find out if there were problems with the companys operations, Danna decided to hire a consultant to evaluate the way in which the CBs were produced and sold. After two weeks, the consultant had identified the following activities and costs: The consultant indicated that some preliminary activity analysis shows that per-unit costs can be reduced by at least 7. Since the marketing manager had indicated that the market share (sales volume) for the boards could be increased by 50% if the price could be reduced to 12, Danna became quite excited. Required: 1. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION What is activity-based management? What phases of activity analysis did the consultant provide? What else remains to be done? 2. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Identify as many nonvalue-added costs as possible. Compute the cost savings per unit that would be realized if these costs were eliminated. Was the consultant correct in the preliminary cost reduction assessment? Discuss actions that the company can take to reduce or eliminate the nonvalue-added activities. 3. Compute the unit cost required to maintain current market share, while earning a profit of 4 per unit. Now compute the unit cost required to expand sales by 50%, assuming a per-unit profit of 4. How much cost reduction would be required to achieve each unit cost? 4. Assume that further activity analysis revealed the following: switching to automated insertion would save 60,000 of engineering support and 90,000 of direct labor. Now, what is the total potential cost reduction per unit available from activity analysis? With these additional reductions, can Mays achieve the unit cost to maintain current sales? To increase it by 50%? What form of activity analysis is this: reduction, sharing, elimination, or selection? 5. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Calculate income based on current sales, prices, and costs. Then calculate the income by using a 14 price and a 12 price, assuming that the maximum cost reduction possible is achieved (including Requirement 4s reduction). What price should be selected?Companies often use leverage to augment profits. Based on what you learned this week, please explain the following in detail: With regards to Operating Leverage, please explain why a company with HIGH Operating Leverage faces greater financial risk in a declining sales period compared to a company with LOW Operating Leverage. (HINT: The key here is the relation between fixed costs and variable costs.) What does a business's Contribution Margin represent? What does the Contribution Margin have to do with Operating Leverage?Which of the following statements about operating leverage is false? O a. All of the given answers are true. O b. Keeping all factors constant, the higher the contribution margin, the higher the operating leverage. OC. Operating leverage measures how operating income will be affected by changes in sales O d. If the degree of operating leverage higher for a company, this means that the company is more risky than another company with low degree of operating leverage. The degree of operating leverage is higher for companies with lower fixed costs O e.
- Selling off assets are profits not paid out to the business owners but instead kept by a business to invest in more assets. * True O False At the beginning of the economic crisis, XYZ decided to increase the price of its soft drinks by 5% which was a reason for a significant fall in demand and total sales revenue. Therefore, consumer demand for that product is said to be price inelastic. * O True O FalseA service company has the following financial information (in millions of $)a. What is the profit leverage effect of reducing the cost of the facilitating goods in this company?b. It has been suggested that the in-house services costs could be reduced by 10 percent in the coming year by implementing lean systems. What effect would thisohave on earnings increase in percentage?c. What is the profit leverage effect of in-house services relative to profits?In response to the weak economy, your company’ssales force is urging you, the sales manager, to changesales terms from 1/10, n/30 to 2/10, n/45. Explain whatthese terms mean and how this switch could increase ordecrease your company’s profits.
- What is operating leverage, and how does it affect a firm's business risk? Show the operating break-even point if a company has fixed costs of $8,500, a sales price of $18, and variable costs of $10. Assume you have just been hired as a business manager of Gary’s Guacamole a regional health food restaurant chain. To develop an example that can be presented to Gary’s Guacamole management to illustrate the effects of financial leverage, consider two hypothetical firms: Firm U, which uses no debt financing, and Firm L, which uses $35,000 of 10 percent debt. Both firms have $80,000 in assets, a 25 percent tax rate, and an expected EBIT of $20,000. Construct the two firms' partial income statements, starting with EBIT. Now calculate ROE for both firms. What does this example illustrate about the impact of financial leverage on ROE? What happens to ROE for Firm U and Firm L if EBIT falls to $5,000? (Do the calculation) What does this imply about the impact of leverage on risk and…Top management is unhappy with the investment center's return on investment (ROD) It asks the manager of the South Division to submit plans to improve ROI in the next year. The manager believes it is feasible to consider the following independent courses of action 1 2 3 (a) Compute the return on investment (ROI) for the current year. (Round ROI to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.57%) Increase sales by $300,000 with no change in the contribution margin percentage. Reduce variable costs by $160,000 Reduce average operating assets by 3% Return on Investment Action 1 (b) Using the ROI formula, compute the ROI under each of the proposed courses of action. (Round ROI to 2 decimal places, eg. 1.57%) Action 21 Action 31 Save for Later % Return on investment Attempts: 0 of 1 used Submit Answer Pd. Have a slöpe term but not an intercept term. Company XYZ expects the profit for next year to be lower than this year's profit. Assume that the selling price per unit, variable cost per unit, and total fixed costs will not change. Which one of the following is false? Select one: a. margin of safety next year will be lower than this year Ob.degree of operating leverage next year will be higher than this year Oc. breakeven point next year will be the same as this year Od. total fixed cost next year will be the same as this year Oe. contribution margin ratio next year will be lower than this year Next page