Enzymes that digest dietary proteins in the stomach and intestine are synthesized as proenzymes or zymogens. Which of the following is the proenzyme form of a proteolytic enzyme of the digestive tract? elastase carboxypeptidase O chymotrypsin
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- When very low concentrations of pepsinogen are added to acidic media, how does the halftime for activation depend on zymogen concentration?Direct contact between intestinal bacteria and the epithelial cell surface is minimized by ?A patient came to a dental clinic with complaints of dry mouth and multiple dental caries lesions. In the course of collecting anamnesis, it was found that an allergic patient takes antihistamines that block the H2 histamine receptors of smooth muscle cells of the salivary glands. It is known that histamine is a mediator that stimulates the secretion of saliva. Explain the mechanism of action of these drugs if it is known that the next day after discontinuation of the drug, the patient's dryness disappeared. For this: а) write the classification of inhibitors according to the mechanism of action b) indicate what type of inhibitors the drugs are taken by the patient; confirm your conclusion in writing c) guess what structure this drug may have d) give a picture illustrating the action of this type of inhibitors.
- A patient came to a dental clinic with complaints of dry mouth and multiple dental caries lesions. In the course of collecting anamnesis, it was found that an allergic patient takes antihistamines that block the H2 histamine receptors of smooth muscle cells of the salivary glands. It is known that histamine is a mediator that stimulates the secretion of saliva. Explain the mechanism of action of these drugs if it is known that the next day after discontinuation of the drug, the patient's dryness disappeared. Q: what type of inhibitor the drugs are taken by? what is their classification according to the mechanism of action?A patient came to a dental clinic with complaints of dry mouth and multiple dental caries lesions. In the course of collecting anamnesis, it was found that an allergic patient takes antihistamines that block the H2 histamine receptors of smooth muscle cells of the salivary glands. It is known that histamine is a mediator that stimulates the secretion of saliva. Explain the mechanism of action of these drugs if it is known that the next day after discontinuation of the drug, the patient's dryness disappeared. Q: give a picture illustrating the action of this type of inhibitors.1.A patient with chronic pancreatitis and hence decreased secretory function of pancreas was prescribed an enzymatic drug «Enzystal» before each meal. Explain this prescription. For that: a)Name pansreatic enzymes, participating in digestion of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. What is their pH optimum and how is it reached in duodenum? b) Draw the scheme representing the cascade of activation of pancreatic proteolytic enzymes. Indicate the mechanism ofactivation and its reversability c)Why are proteolytic enzymes secreted by pancreas in inactive form? d)What recommendations on diet can be given to this patient?
- A young child runs a fever of 40’C for 24 hours. Explain what effect this may have on his digestion and the breakdown of carbohydrates.Explain what Hepatocyte hopping ishow can disrupted electrical activity in the stomach cause motility disorders and nausea. how could they be treated pharmacologically?
- A patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis uses the following medications. Explain the pharmacodynamics of the medications. Diovan 80 mg po OD Prinivil 10 mg po OD Omeprazole 20 mg OD Lantus 18 units subcutaneous q AM Humalog 19 units subcutaneous TID before mealsOrder the following processes: 2 1. Cholecystokinin is triggered $ 2. Bile is released from the gallbladder $ 3. Triacyglycerols enter bloodstream $ 4. Fat droplets transported as chyme $ 5. Gastric Lipase hydrolyze TAGS $ 6. Monoacyglycerols in micelles $ 7. Triacyglycerol transported in chylomicronsOn the histologic section of the glands stomach's fundus, relatively large electron-microscopically cells with acidophilic cytoplasm can be seen, and in these cells there is a complicated system of intracellular tubules. What component of gastric juice is formed due to the activity of these cells? Serotonin Mucus Gastrin O Hydrochloric acid Opepsinogen