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- Exhibit and explain the FSM representation of the sender side for a channel with bit errors in the following manner:One way to electrically or optically represent a binary 1 or 0 is to use current state modulation, which represents a binary 1 with the presence of voltage (on a copper cable) or the presence of light (on a fiber-optic cable). Similarly, the absence of light or voltage represents a binary 0.What is the maximum number of defects that a parity bit in a message can detect?
- Your challenge is to use MATLAB to plot a received signal at a base station in a multipath channel when the transmitter sends a sinusoidal carrier signal. A transmitter sends a sinusoidal signal of frequency 1.5 MHz to the base station. There is a line-of-sight (LoS) path to the base station receiver, with delay 1 usec. The signal on this path is attenuated in amplitude by a factor 0.9 (the LoS amplitude gain). There are also three single bounce paths, one of delay 2 usec, with an amplitude gain of 0.5, one of delay 7 usec, with an amplitude gain of 0.4, and a third of delay 10 usec, with amplitude gain of 0.2. These parameters are fixed and do not change during the transmission. The project is to write MATLAB code to obtain the signal received at the receiver. Plot the signal over a time interval of 20 usec, including axes, and provide units for the time axis. Then answer the following questions: a) How is the output signal frequency related to the input signal frequency? b) Does the…Given are the following codewords for an error control coding scheme data 000 011 100 codeword 00011000 00000111 10101000 . a.What is the minimum Hamming distance? b. What is the coding rate for this scheme? c. what raw data rate would be required if we need a throughput of 6 Mpbs? d. in a different situation, the number of data bits to transfer is 5, and the minimum hamming distance is dmin=5. find the maximum coding rate for this situationAnswer the following questions with a simple "true" or "false" and a short explanation of your reasoning: When the window widths of both the transmitter and receiver are 1, the alternating-bit protocol and the SR protocol are equivalent.
- Please offer a brief justification for your answer to each of the following questions. The alternating-bit protocol and the SR protocol are interchangeable when the window sizes of the transmitter and receiver are both one.UDP and TCP use one’s complement for the checksum. Suppose you have the flowing four 8-bit data in a datagram: 10011011, 01011100, 11001101. 10101001 a) What is the one’s complement of the sum of the four? Show your work. b) Is it possible that a 1-bit error will go undetected? Is it possible that a 2-bit error will go undetected?In a CRC voice recognition system, the generator is polynomial g = 11011 and if we want to send the data K = 01111110, what data is sent (the right bit is the least valuable and the left bit is the most valuable bit)
- Complete the following protocol message so that it represents a potentiometer reading of 987: (write values in hex, with the leading 0x) Ох21 Ох33 Ох0з ОxdbHow many parity bits may be found in a message at most?Your answer, in either the affirmative or the negative, together with a short explanation, is expected to each of the following statements: The alternating-bit protocol and the SR protocol are equivalent to one another in situations in which the window widths of both the transmitter and the receiver are equal to 1.