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- Four methods for controlling head pressure in an air-cooled condenser are ______, ______, _______, andA refrigerant 22 , four-cylinder, 85 mm x 70 mm compressor operating at 28 rev/sec, condensing temp of 38OC and an evaporating temp of-2OC carries a refrigerating load of 112 kW. The motor driving the compressor has an efficiency of 92% and draws 32.5 kW. There is a 5OC subcooling and 7OC superheating of the suction gas entering the compressor. Compute (a) the actual volumetric efficiency (b) the compression efficiency.An industrial plant has available a 4-cylinder, 76-mm bore by 102-mm stroke, 800 rpm, single-acting compressor for use with Refrigerant 12. Proposed operating conditions for the compressor are 38°C condensing temperature and 5°C evaporating temperature. It is estimated that the refrigerant will enter the expansion valve as a saturated liquid, that the vapor will leave the evaporator at a temperature of 7°C, and will enter the compressor at a temperature of 13°C. Assume a compressor volumetric efficiency of 70 per cent. Assume frictionless flow. Calculate the refrigerating capacity in kW for a system equipped with this compressor. Ans. 40.96 kW
- PROBLEM: A Rankine cycle is executed with steam expanding initially from 20 MPaa and 100 deg SH. Condensation occurs at 300 mm HG vac. All expansion and compression efficiencies are 90 %. Sketch the equipment layout and the TS diagram. Answer the following for 10 kg/sec of steam circulated and fill up the blanks in the items below: 1. TS diagram with the cycle showing correct location of points with respect to saturation dome line with ne and nc = 90%. 2. Ideal heat rate in KJ/KW-hr Answer: 3. Heat rejected at the condenser in KW (Actual) Answer: Actual Rankine engine efficiency % Answer: 5. Ideal Rankine cycle efficiency % Answer: 6. Actual Rankine cycle efficiency using pump and turbine work % Answer: 7. If the generator efficiency = 95%, brake engine efficiency = 90% what is the combined work in KW? Answer: 8. If Cp water = 4.187 KJ/kg-K; cooling water enters the condenser at 12 deg C and leaves at 21 deg C, find amount of cooling water needed by the condenser in kg/sec. (ACTUAL)…A Rankine cycle is executed with steam expanding initially from 20 MPaa and 100 deg SH.Condensation occurs at T = 86.49 degree Celsius. All expansion and compression efficiencies are 90 %.Sketch the equipment layout and the TS diagram. Answer the following for (m = 10 + SN/10 ) kg/sec of steam circulated and fill up the blanks in theitems below:1. TS diagram with the cycle showing correct location of points with respect to saturation domeline with ne and nc = 90%.2. If the generator efficiency = 95%, brake engine efficiency = 90% what is the brake work in KW?Answer: ______________________3. Actual Steam Rate for the engine in Kg/KW-hr with efficiency values at item 2. Answer: _________________________3.) An ammonia compressor operates at evaporator pressure of 316.02 kPa and a condenser pressure of 1557 kPa. A twin-cylinder compressor with bore to stroke ratio of 0.85 is to used at 1200 rpm. The actual volumetric efficiency is 92% and compression and mechanical efficiency is 78% and 80% respectively. For a cooling capacity of 25 TR, (a) the sketch the p-h diagram labeling the evaporating and condensing temperature and pressures (b) define the all properties of ammonia taken from saturation table. Determine (c) the quantity of cooling water in the condenser in kg/min if the increase in temperature is 8°C, (d) the bore and stroke expressed in cm and (e) the size of the driving motor in hp. Given: h2 = h at 1557 kPa and s2 = s1 1695 kJ/kg
- A Rankine cycle is executed with steam expanding initially from 20 MPaa and 100 deg SH. Condensation occurs at T = 86.49 degree Celsius. All expansion and compression efficiencies are 90 %. Sketch the equipment layout and the TS diagram. Answer the following for (m = 10 + 25/10 ) kg/sec of steam circulated and fill up the blanks in theitems below:1. TS diagram with the cycle showing correct location of points with respect to saturation domeline with ne and nc = 90%.2. If the generator efficiency = 95%, brake engine efficiency = 90% what is the brake work in KW?Answer: ______________________3. Actual Steam Rate for the engine in Kg/KW-hr with efficiency values at item 2. Answer: _________________________A Rankine cycle is executed with steam expanding initially from 20 MPaa and 100 deg SH. Condensation occurs at T = 86.49 degree Celsius. All expansion and compression efficiencies are 90 %. Sketch the equipment layout and the TS diagram. Answer the following for (m = 10 + SN/10 ) kg/sec of steam circulated and fill up the blanks in the items below: 1. TS diagram with the cycle showing correct location of points with respect to saturation dome line with ne and nc = 90%. 2. If the generator efficiency = 95%, brake engine efficiency = 90% what is the brake work in KW? Answer: 3. Actual Steam Rate for the engine in Kg/KW-hr with efficiency values at item 2. Answer: 4. Heat rejected at the condenser in KW (Ideal) Answer: 5. Ideal Rankine engine efficiency (% ) Answer: 6. Ideal Rankine cycle efficiency using work of the pump and turbine values % Answer: 7. Actual Rankine cycle efficiency using pump and turbine work % Answer: 8. Actual Rankine cycle efficiency using Qa and Or values % Answer:…A Rankine cycle is executed with steam expanding initially from 20 MPaa and 100 deg SH. Condensation occurs at T = 86.49 degree Celsius. All expansion and compression efficiencies are 90 %. Sketch the equipment layout and the TS diagram. Answer the following for (m = 10 + 25/10 ) kg/sec of steam circulated and fill up the blanks in theitems below: 4. Heat rejected at the condenser in KW (Ideal) Answer: ___________________5. Ideal Rankine engine efficiency (% ) Answer: _________________________6. Ideal Rankine cycle efficiency using work of the pump and turbine values % Answer: _________________________
- An industrial plant has available a 4 cylinder, 6 - mm bore by 2 - mm stroke, 800 rpm, single-acting compressor for use with Refrigerant 12. Proposed operating conditions for the compressor are 38 degrees * C condensing temperature and 5 degrees * C evaporating temperature. It is estimated that the refrigerant will enter the expansion valve as a saturated liquid, that the vapor will leave the evaporator at a temperature of 7 degrees * C and will enter the compressor at a temperature of 13 degrees * C . Assume a compressor volumetric efficiency of 70%. Assume frictionless flow. Calculate the refrigerating capacity in kW for a system equipped with this compressor.8.3 A four-effect evaporator is being considered for concentratinga fruit juice that has no appreciable boiling-point elevation.Steam is available at 143.27 kPa, and the boiling point ofthe product in the fourth effect is 45°C. The overall heat-transfer coeffi cients are 3000 W/(m 2 °C) in the fi rst effect,2500W/(m2 °C) in the second effect, 2100W/(m2°C) in thethird effect, and 1800W/(m2°C) in the fourth effect. Calculatethe boiling-point temperatures of the product in the fi rst,second, and third effects. Assume the heating areas in all theeffects are equal to 50m2 each. The mass fl ow rate of steam tothe fi rst effect is 2400kg/h, the feed rate to the fi rst effect of 5%total solids fl uid is 15,000kg/h, the concentrated product fromthe fi rst effect leaves at 6.25% total solids, and the concentrationof product leaving the second effect is 8.82% total solids. Make it in the form of a spreadsheet for solving the example problem no. 8.2 and 8.39. A vapour compression plant is powered by a 2kW motor and circulates R12 at 5kg/min. The R12 leaves the condenser at its saturation temperature with a specific enthalpy of 74.59kJ/kg and leaves the evaporated dry saturated with a specific enthalpy of 187.53kJ/kg. Calculate: (a). the dryness fraction at the evaporator inlet (b). refrigeration effect (c). coefficient of performance