Cyanide binds to and blocks the action of cytochrome oxidase which is the last cytochrome in the electron transfer chain and is required for its normal function. When inhibited by cyanide all processes upstream in the cellular respiration process are inhibited. Given this information, what affect will cyanide poisoning have on human metabolic rate?
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Cyanide binds to and blocks the action of cytochrome oxidase which is the last cytochrome in the electron transfer chain and is required for its normal function. When inhibited by cyanide all processes upstream in the
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- Cyanide poisoning inhibits aerobic respiration at cytochrome c oxidase. Which of the following is NOT a result of cyanide poisoning at the cellular level? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b с d e Oxygen is reduced to water The rate of glycolysis increases Cells are forced to switch to anaerobic respiration The electron transport chain is not completed None of the above Answered K Open in Reading View ✔PosubmitConsider a brain cell with non-functional Complex II of the electron transport chain (Assume that the deficiency is isolated and will not influence the function of other respiration components) In these cells/tissues, determine the following from the catabolism of the 2.5 moles of the disaccharide lactose (will be hydrolyzed first to yield glucose and galactose). Net ATP from glycolysis ATP from oxidative decarboxylation (if applicable) ATP formed from Krebs cycle (if applicable) Total net ATPIn the presence of excess oxygen, a complete oxidation of seven molecules of glucose into carbon dioxide and water, by a yeast cell, would produce approximately ATP molecules via oxidative phosphorylation only. (Consider NADH = 3 ATP and FADH2 = 2 ATP)
- The citric acid cycle is frequently described as the major pathway of aerobic catabolism, which means that it is an oxygen-dependent degradative process. However, none of the reactions of the cycle directly involve oxygen as a reactant. Why is the pathway oxygen dependent?Copper is a cofactor in several enzymes, including lysyl oxidase and superoxide dismutase.Ceruloplasmin, a deep-blue glycoprotein, is the principal copper-containing protein in blood. It isused to transport Cu2+ and maintain appropriate levels of Cu2+ in the body’s tissues.Ceruloplasmin also catalyzes the oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+, an important reaction in ironmetabolism. Because the metal is widely found in foods, copper deficiency is rare in humans.Deficiency symptoms include anemia, leukopenia (reduction in blood levels of white blood cells),bone defects, and weakened arterial walls. The body is partially protected from exposure toexcessive copper (and several other metals) by metallothionein, a small, metal-binding protein thatpossesses a large proportion of cysteine residues. Certain metals (most notably zinc and cadmium)induce the synthesis of metallothionein in the intestine and liver.In Menkes syndrome intestinal absorption of copper is defective. How can affected infants…The citric acid cycle generates NADH and FADH2, which are then used in the process of oxidative phosphorylation to make ATP. If the citric acid cycle (which does not use oxygen) and oxidative phosphorylation are separate processes, as they are, then why is it that the citric acid cycle stops almost immediately when O2 is removed?
- Consider a cell with ATP synthase deficiency (Assume that the deficiency is isolated and will not influence the function of other respiration components). In these cells/tissues, determine the following from the catabolism of the 2.5 moles of the disaccharide lactose (will be hydrolyzed first to yield glucose and galactose). Net ATP from glycolysis ATP from oxidative decarboxylation (if applicable) ATP formed from Krebs cycle (if applicable) Total net ATPAnaerobic respiration in humans occurs primarily in muscle cells during high- intensity exercise. During a 200m sprint, the heart is unable to increase peripheral blood flow at a rate to provide additional oxygen to muscles. In a human muscle cell, which one of the following statements is true? Primary source of fuel is pyruvate, and the carbon in pyruvate ends up in ethanol O Primary source of fuel is pyruvate, and the carbon in pyruvate ends up in lactic acid Primary source of fuel is glucose, and the carbon in glucose ends up in lactic acid Primary source of fuel is glucose, and the carbon in glucqşe ends up in acetyl COACyanide causes an irreversible inhibition of electron transport that prevents ATP synthesis, whereas the inhibitoryeffect of small amounts of dinitrophenol on ATP synthesisis reversible. Explain the difference.
- Similar to the activity in our muscle cells, certain bacteria canutilize sugars by aerobic cellular respiration (which requiresoxygen) or by fermentation (which does not). However, like musclecells, these bacteria only use fermentation when oxygen is notavailable. Why is aerobic respiration preferable? What is thespecific role of oxygen in this process?Which of the following statements is true about the citric acid cycle a. The Citric Acid Cycle is an 8-step cycle that produces the most electron carrier molecules throughout the process of cellular respiration. b. In Citric Acid Cycle, both the acetyl group and coenzyme A of Acetyl CoA are combined to oxaloacetate. c. In Citric Acid Cycle, glucose is only partially broken down and there are still remnants of glucose after this process. d. The ATP produced during this process is via oxidative phosphorylationCytochrome c may associate with cardiolipin (diphosphatidylglycerol) in the inner mitochondrial membrane. What sort of intermolecular forces are likely to be involved in this association?