contrast (i.e. vegetation from water, vegetation from soil, or soil from water)? Visible 1 2 3 NIR Water Intermediate Infrared 5 Soil Vegetation Real color image red, green, blue TM7, TMS, TM2 mid-infrared, mid-infrared, green

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1LR
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Reflection (%)
60- Visible
-
50-
40-
20-
10-
0
0,5
the increased "contrast" in the image at right compared to the natural color image.
For the 51 spectral ratios, which of the two land cover types have the greatest
contrast (i.e. vegetation from water, vegetation from soil, or soil from water)?
0.7
NIR
4
Water
0,9
T
1,1
Intermediate Infrared
5
T
1,3 1,5
1.7
Wavelength (um)
1,9
2,1
Soil
Vegetation
2,3
2,5
Real color image
red, green, blue
natural color
TM7, TM5, TM2
mid-infrared, mid-infrared, green
"looks real"
Transcribed Image Text:Reflection (%) 60- Visible - 50- 40- 20- 10- 0 0,5 the increased "contrast" in the image at right compared to the natural color image. For the 51 spectral ratios, which of the two land cover types have the greatest contrast (i.e. vegetation from water, vegetation from soil, or soil from water)? 0.7 NIR 4 Water 0,9 T 1,1 Intermediate Infrared 5 T 1,3 1,5 1.7 Wavelength (um) 1,9 2,1 Soil Vegetation 2,3 2,5 Real color image red, green, blue natural color TM7, TM5, TM2 mid-infrared, mid-infrared, green "looks real"
3.) The optical spectrum (red-green-blue to the mid-infrared) looks different for the three basic
land-cover types (water, vegetation and soil). The first three "thematic" bands of Landsat
are for red, green and blue, are bands 3, 2 and 1 respectively (or TM3, TM2 and TM1).
Sometimes the contrast between these bands is not very useful in highlighting the
differences between the land covers (see figure below).
a) Using the graph from the figure, calculate the ratio of reflectivity (reflection percent)
of band 2 to band 1 for Water, Vegetation and Soil (approximate the graph as being
constant within the bands). Call these variables, Rwater, Reg, and Roll.
D51
b) Using the graph from the figure, calculate the ratio of reflectivity of band 5 to band 1
for Water, Vegetation and Soil. Call these variables, Rater, Rog, and Ril. For
water in band 5, assume that the reflectivity value is zero.
c) Compare the differences between water, vegetation and soil for the 21 spectral
ratios and the 51 spectral ratios. That is, see how Rwater and Rg are different
from one another compared to Rwater and Reg, and similarly for comparison
between soil and vegetation, and soil and water. These differences are what creates
Transcribed Image Text:3.) The optical spectrum (red-green-blue to the mid-infrared) looks different for the three basic land-cover types (water, vegetation and soil). The first three "thematic" bands of Landsat are for red, green and blue, are bands 3, 2 and 1 respectively (or TM3, TM2 and TM1). Sometimes the contrast between these bands is not very useful in highlighting the differences between the land covers (see figure below). a) Using the graph from the figure, calculate the ratio of reflectivity (reflection percent) of band 2 to band 1 for Water, Vegetation and Soil (approximate the graph as being constant within the bands). Call these variables, Rwater, Reg, and Roll. D51 b) Using the graph from the figure, calculate the ratio of reflectivity of band 5 to band 1 for Water, Vegetation and Soil. Call these variables, Rater, Rog, and Ril. For water in band 5, assume that the reflectivity value is zero. c) Compare the differences between water, vegetation and soil for the 21 spectral ratios and the 51 spectral ratios. That is, see how Rwater and Rg are different from one another compared to Rwater and Reg, and similarly for comparison between soil and vegetation, and soil and water. These differences are what creates
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