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- Which of the following definitions are consistent with the scientific meaning/use of the word theory? Check all that apply A proposed explanation for a natural phenomenon that is based on general principles A guess for why a particular scientific observation was made A description for natural phenomena that is based on a group of scientists' ideas, not knowledge or evidence. A collection of related concepts that are supported by evidence and explain observed facts for a natural phenomenon. A description of a natural phenomenon that scientists are uncertain about, but like the sound of.Which of the following is the correct order of steps of the scientific method? Observation-Experiment-Hypothesis-Conclusion Hypothesis-Predictions-Experiment-Conclusion Observation-Prediction-Hypothesis-Experiment Hypothesis-Observation-Experiment-PredictionWhich of the following statements would not be a barrier to scientific inquiry? Choose all that apply. A hypothesis that includes an explanation for an observation. Predictions that stem logically from the hypothesis. Errors in data collection. Unsupported conclusions (the conclusions do not stem from the results of the experiment).
- Consider the steps involved in an experiment that uses the scientific method. Arrange the six given steps in the order in which they occur. One of the steps will not be used. First step of investigation Final step of investigation Answer Bank Share the results and conclusions of the experiment. Choose the data that are most likely to support the hypothesis and ignore the rest of the data. Conduct the experiment and collect the resulting data. Make observations that raise a question about some aspect of a natural phenomenon. Analyze the data collected in the experiment. Form a hypothesis that can answer the question about the natural phenomenon. Design an experiment that tests the hypothesis.The scientific method is a set of techniques for gaining new knowledge about the world in which we live. However, these techniques come with a rigid set of rules that are sometimes misinterpreted. Identify the statements that accurately describe science and the scientific method. Scientific hypotheses are educated guesses that can be disproven by experiments. Science is a process that is limited to answering questions about the natural world. Science is a process that is not limited by the types of questions it can answer. Scientific findings can always be relied upon as fact. Scientific findings are based on carefully tested and scrutinized observations. Scientific theories are concrete and indisputable explanations for natural phenomena.The hypothetico-deductive method in science includes all of the following components except: logical deduction (from a universal rule to particular predictions), as emphasized by Aristotle designing a critical test for the hypothesis, as exemplified by Galileo’s test of falling objects unquestioning acceptance of Aristotle’s authority, as practiced by late medieval scholastics continuous testing of the hypothesis by further inquiry, as emphasized by Socrates logical induction (from particulars to universals), as emphasized by Plato
- Why is forming a hypothesis an important step in the scientific method? Choose the best answer. Stating a hypothesis before conducting experiments ensures that the method will follow an inductive process of reasoning. By stating a formal hypothesis, a scientist can adequately design the best control conditions for designing experiments intended to falsify the hypothesis. When a formal hypothesis is tested once, it will be accepted as theory no matter what the results of subsequent experiments suggest.Which of the following descriptions best describes the meaning of a scientific theory and a scientific law? A theory is an explanation for a process that hasn't yet been confirmed while a law is an explanation that has been actually confirmed. A scientific theory attempts to explain why a process is happening while a scientific law attempts to describe how this process happens, which can often be represented by a mathematical equation. A scientific theory describes an explanation for a process that could still be changed as new information becomes available while a scientific law is settled and can never be changed. A scientific law is more valid and more accepted in science than a scientific theory. A scientific theory describes all the experiments that a scientist would like to perform in a lab while a scientific law describes the experiments that are legal for that scientist to perform in a lab.Design a (hypothetical) experiment that adheres to the Scientific Method. Be sure to include all the necessary requirements at each step and give examples at all of the steps. Start with an observation, whether it's real or made up, state the null hypothesis, and design an experiment (including an experimental and control group, random sampling, sample size, and reproducibility) that will allow the student to reject or fail to reject the hypothesis, and state (hypothetical) 'actual' results and the appropriate conclusion to draw from those results.
- Which of the following is the best definition of a hypothesis? A question about the natural world A suggested explanation for an observation that can be tested. A theory that is supported by an abundance of evidence A prediction about the expected outcome of an experimentWhich of the following is not correctly linked?a. model: a representation of an object used in an experimentb. standard deviation: a form of statistical analysisc. principle: a theory that is not supported by experimental evidenced. data: the results of an experiment or observationWhich statement below correctly identifies the difference between laws and theories? Laws describe phenomena, while theories explain why phenomena exist. Laws are a statement of fact, while theories are a statement of opinion. Laws explain why phenomena exist, while theories explain how. Laws are a prediction of phenomena, while theories are an explanation
