(b) (: ) Explain briefly whether the binding of the anesthetic gas to hemoglobin facilitates or hinders the delivery of O2 to tissues from red blood cells and on what basis do you make your conclusion.

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A person with asthma may have a healthy VC, but a reduced FEV1. Explain how this can be.

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding a rightward shift in the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve? A) Affinity for oxygen is increased. B) Oxygen loading onto the hemoglobin is increased. C) Hemoglobin is more saturated at a given PO2. D) It can be caused by a decrease in temperature. E) It can be caused by a decrease in blood pH.

Which of the following scenariosare correct?Select all that apply A. High levels of PCO2will cause loading of O2ontohemoglobin. B. An increase in pH will causeO2to unload from hemoglobin. C. High PO2levels will increase saturation of Hb with O2. D. An increase in bodytemperature will cause O2to unload from hemoglobin.

Describe how the following allosteric effectors regulated Hemoglobin’s O2 affinity: • CO2• H+ (pH; Explain the basis for the Bohr Effect)• 2,3-BPG • CO

After spending a day or more at high altitude (with an oxygen partial pressure of 75 torr), the concentration of 2,3- bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) in red blood cells increases. What effect would an increased concentration of 2,3-BPG have on the oxygen-binding curve for hemoglobin? Why would this adaptation be beneficial for functioning well at high altitude?

What other molecules bind to hemoglobin? How do they affect the affinity of Hb for O2?

The FEV1 in both obstructive and restrictive lung disease is generally lower than normal, but for twodifferent reasons. Explain why it is low in both situations.

Below is the O₂ binding curve for adult Hb in whole blood (containing BPG) shown in red (labelled Hb). Fraction of Hb bound with Oxygen 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0 20 40 pO2 (torr) 60 80 ABC c. Which curve lacks cooperativity? [Select] Hb 100 a. Which curve is the best representation for stripped Hb (pure hemoglobin with heme, but no other small allosteric molecules associated)? [Select] b. Which curve has the lowest affinity (as measured by the p50)? [Select]