at least P(1), P(2) as base
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- Suppose we have a recursive sequence f1, f2, f3,.... For the purposes of this problem, it does not matter exactly how the fi are defined, only that they are recursively defined. For integer n ≥ 1, let P(n) be the predicate that fn = 2n². Don't worry about whether this predicate "makes sense"; we haven't defined the f; so you won't be able to "make sense" of the P(n). It's not important for this problem. Consider a proof by induction that Vn ≥ 1: P(n). Suppose we've gotten to the inductive step, and suppose that the first step of the inductive step is fk+1=2fk + k True or false: Based on the information given, we will need strong induction for this proof. True FalseRecursion can be direct or indirect. It is direct when a function calls itself and it is indirect recursion when a function calls another function that then calls the first function. To illustrate solving a problem using recursion, consider the Fibonacci series: - 1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34...The way to solve this problem is to examine the series carefully. The first two numbers are 1. Each subsequent number is the sum of the previous two numbers. Thus, the seventh number is the sum of the sixth and fifth numbers. More generally, the nth number is the sum of n - 2 and n - 1, as long as n > 2.Recursive functions need a stop condition. Something must happen to cause the program to stop recursing, or it will never end. In the Fibonacci series, n < 3 is a stop condition. The algorithm to use is this: 1. Ask the user for a position in the series.2. Call the fib () function with that position, passing in the value the user entered.3. The fib () function examines the argument (n). If n < 3…Suppose we have a recursive sequence f1, f2, f3, . . .. For the purposes of this problem, it does not matter exactly how the f; are defined, only that they are recursively defined. For integer n ≥ 1, let P(n) be the predicate that Σi-1 fi = 2ƒn+2 − 3. Don't worry about whether this predicate "makes sense"; we haven't defined the fi so you won't be able to "make sense" of the P(n). It's not important for this problem. Consider a proof by induction that Vn ≥ 1: P(n). Suppose we've gotten to the inductive step, and suppose that the first steps of the inductive step are Σfi = fk+1 + Σi=₁ fi = fk + fk-1 + Σk=₁ fi True or false: Based on the information given, we will need strong induction for this proof. True False
- Give a recursive definition for the set of all strings of a’s and b’s that begins with an a and ends in a b. Say, S = { ab, aab, abb, aaab, aabb, abbb, abab..} Let S be the set of all strings of a’s and b’s that begins with a and ends in a b. The recursive definition is as follows – Base:... Recursion: If u ∈ S, then... Restriction: There are no elements of S other than those obtained from the base and recursion of S.Let n be a positive integer and let MaxCrossing(n) be a function that returns the maximum number of line crossings that you can create by drawing n straight lines. Write down a recursive formula for MaxCrossing(n) and analyze the time complexity of the corresponding recursive algorithm. You must write a formal recursive formula including the base case and general recursive step.Give a recursive definition for the set of all strings of a’s and b’s where all the strings are of odd lengths. (Assume, S is set of all strings of a’s and b’s where all the strings are of odd lengths. Then S = { a, b, aaa, aba, aab, abb, baa, bba, bab, bbb, aaaaa, ... )
- Let ∑={a,b} and T be the set of words in ∑* that have no consecutive a’s (i.e. there cannot be 2 or more a’s in a row). (a) Give a recursive definition for the set T. (b) Use your recursive definition to show that the string “abbaba” is in T. (c) Is your recursive definition uniquely determined? Explain why or why not.Iteration versus one-friend recursion. 1. Your job is to accept the tuple a1, a2,..., a and return the tuple an, an1,..., a1 that has been reversed. You will only take an element off of one end or put an element back on one end because you are being indolent. But you have allies in recursion who can assist you.Please include the recursive code as well as a paragraph with the friend's description of the algorithm. 2. Now imagine that you lack pals but have a stack. (Refer to Chapter 3. Quickly design an incremental programme to address this issue. Include loop invariants and other crucial stages that are necessary to describe an iterative algorithm. 3. Trace both of these scripts separately. Compare and contrast their computerised calculations step by step.Question 4: The function T(n) is recursively defined as follows: 1 if n = 1, 고 +. T(n -1) if n> 2. Prove that T(n) = 0(n log n).
- Show the function f(i; k) is primitive recursive where f(i; k) = Pi.Pi+1............Pi+k. Recall, Pn is the nth prime number and P0 = 0.Flip a fair coin repeatedly until you get two heads in a row (HH). What is the probability of getting HH in at-most N (N > 1) tosses? Can you write a recursive function and implementation to calculate the probability?The Polish mathematician Wacław Sierpiński described the pattern in 1915, but it has appeared in Italian art since the 13th century. Though the Sierpinski triangle looks complex, it can be generated with a short recursive function. Your main task is to write a recursive function sierpinski() that plots a Sierpinski triangle of order n to standard drawing. Think recursively: sierpinski() should draw one filled equilateral triangle (pointed downwards) and then call itself recursively three times (with an appropriate stopping condition). It should draw 1 filled triangle for n = 1; 4 filled triangles for n = 2; and 13 filled triangles for n = 3; and so forth. API specification. When writing your program, exercise modular design by organizing it into four functions, as specified in the following API: public class Sierpinski { // Height of an equilateral triangle whose sides are of the specified length. public static double height(double length) // Draws a filled equilateral…