Assume we combine contractionary fiscal policy with expansionary monetary policy. The result is of this policy mix is higher interest rates and lower output higher interest rates and an indeterminate level of output O lower interest rates and an indeterminate level of output O lower interest rates and higher output O O O
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- On June 5, 2003, the European Central Bank acted to decreasethe short-term interest rate in Europe by half a percentagepoint, to 2 percent. The bank’s president at the time, WillemDuisenberg, suggested that, in the future, the bank could reducerates further. The rate cut was made because European coun-tries were growing very slowly or were in recession. What effectdid the bank hope the action would have on the economy? Bespecific. What was the hoped-for result on C, I, and Y?Look at Figure 3. Assume this aggregate demand diagram represents an economy with government, where: a = exogenous consumption b = the marginal propensity to consume t = the tax rate |= investment G = government spending Y = income Figure 3 Aggregate AD, demand AD, 45° Income Select the option that describes a possible scenario shown by the shift from AD, to AD, in Figure 3. Select one: O Rise in tax rate and rise in government spending. O Rise in tax rate and fall in government spending. O Fall in tax rate and fall in government spending. O Fall in tax rate and rise in government spending. ( Previous page Next page > PHILIPSSuppose you are chair of the Federal Reserve in 1995. You believe that potential output follows the dotted line after 1993, but in actuality, it follows the line denoted "True potential output." The current state of the economy is given by the curve "Actual output." Given the information in the figure, you _________, because you believe the economy is in a ________, but your advice instead OUTPUT O 1993 True potential output 1995 Actual output Perceived potential output lower interest rates; recession; accelerates inflation TIME O raise interest rates; boom; accelerates a recession keep interest rates the same; boom; accelerates inflation O Not enough information is given. lower interest rates; boom; increases unemployment
- The enormous budget deficits of 2009 through 2011 meant that the federal government was borrowing upwards of $1.5 trillion per year. If that borrowing had limited the ability of the private sector to get financial capital for its purposes, economists would call this crowding out. There was O significant evidence this was a problem because interest rates were very high. O little evidence this was a problem because interest rates were very low. O significant evidence this was a problem because interest rates were very low. O little evidence this was a problem because interest rates were very high.options:a contractionary fiscala contractionary monetarya recessionaryan expansionary fiscalan expansionary monetary an inflationaryequal to greater thangrew inflationless thanrecededthe same asunemploymentExercise 1 a) Use the equation for the circular flow of the real economy to give an overview of thedemand side components and tie players in the macroeconomy to each of thesecomponents.b) How can you use the equation for the circular flow to discuss the effect of fiscal policyand monetary policy?c) As a follow up from part b), discuss the statement: “During the pandemic, expansionarymonetary policy did not boost the economy as expected”.d) For the following two cases, use the equation for the real interest rate to give anexample for each case using numbers for real interest rate, nominal interest rateand inflation. Explain each number you select.Case 1: A situation where it is a real cost if you borrow money.Case 2: A situation where it is a real gain if you borrow money.e) Let GDP (Gross Domestic Product) as a simplification, only be one good, apples. Find theGDP deflator if nominal GDP = 100 and real GDP = 20 and explain these three numbersusing apples as an example.f) As a follow up…
- In 2006, the Federal Reserve System decides to lower the money supply and raise interest rates in order to combat inflation, which caused investment spending for housing to fall. As a result, a change in investment spending for housing shifts the AS curve to the right, causing equilibrium price level to fall and equilibrium Real GDP to increase. O AS curve to the left, causing equilibrium price level to rise and equilibrium Real GDP to decrease. AD curve to the left, causing equilibrium price level to fall and equilibrium Real GDP to fall. AD curve to the right, causing equilibrium price level to rise and equilibrium Real GDP to increase.Elaborate on the difference between a binding and non-binding borrowing constraints and thetwo consumption functions that result.b. From the Intertemporal Choice Model, many theories (non-Keynesian theories ofConsumption) came into being. Using graphical and mathematical expressions, compareand contrast the following theories on consumption behaviours:i. Franco Modigliani: Life-Cycle Hypothesisii. Milton Friedman: Permanent-Income Hypothesisiii. Robert Hall: Random Walk HypothesisThere is currently a political and academic controversy whether or not stimulus packagesagainst the Covid-induced economic recession will cause inflation. Professor OlivierBlanchard has warned that the stimulus package of the US-administration may lead toinflation in the US. However, he does not see inflation dangers emanating from stimulusprograms in the Eurozone. The Next Generation EU program is not only considered to be a stimulus program but also tobe a growth program, which by spending on infrastructure and climate-related investmentsis expected to lead to an increase in potential output.Analyze in an AD-AS model the impact of economic growth on actual GDP and the pricelevel. Also elaborate on the role that an additional demand stimulus could play.
- Pls help with below homwork. Explain and illustrate graphically the possible fiscal and monetary policy responses to a demand shock in the Keynesian model. What are the limitations of fiscal and monetary policy in the Keynesian model when a demand shock disturbs the economy?1Why low rate inflation is considered necessary for economic grwoth? Oa It does not affect the purchasing power of wages Ob. It indicates that the currency is in continuous demand by the people Oc taffects only the rich and not the poor Od itact as an incentive to boost in supply in the economy 2When the economy is in Keynesian macroeconomic equilibrium, planned investment is greater than actual investment. O a False O b. True 3Government fixes the floor and ceiling price which will not allow the producers to increase the price on their wish, this is a type of. O a Physical control called price pegging O b. Monetary policy control measures O. Physical control called price tagging Od. Fiscal policy control measures O e None 4Rising output coupled with falling prices is called stagflation O a. False O b. True 5The Value of marginal propensity to consume lies O a. O to 1 O b. Less than zero Oc -1 to 1 Od. Between O to 1 6The Central Bank way to control inflation is Oa Monetary policy…What is the key difference between the IS-MP-PC model and the AD/AS model? O In AD/AS model, the government can not borrow In AD/AS model, the central bank can not change the interest rate O In AD/AS model, the central bank sticks to a rule O In AD/AS model, the government can not change its expenditure