Although initiation requires the sigma factor or sigma subunit be associated with the core RNA polymerase, in order to switch to the elongation phase of transcription, RNA polymerase must release the sigma factor and associate with elongation factors instead. What do these elongation factors do - why are they necessary for the elongation phase of transcription?

Biochemistry
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ISBN:9781319114671
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Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
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Although initiation requires the sigma factor or sigma subunit be associated with the core
RNA polymerase, in order to switch to the elongation phase of transcription, RNA polymerase
must release the sigma factor and associate with elongation factors instead. What do these
elongation factors do - why are they necessary for the elongation phase of transcription? 

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