Algorithm 8.1: Parallel Nested Loop (PNL) Input: R₁, R₂, ..., Rm: fragments of relation R S1, S2,..., Sn: fragments of relation S; JP: join predicate Output: T1, T2,..., Tn: result fragments begin end for i from 1 to m in parallel do | send R; to each node containing a fragment of S end for for j from 1 to n in parallel do R←UR₁; i=1 TjRAJP Sj end for {send R entirely to each S-node} {perform the join at each S-node} {R; from R-nodes; R is fully replicated at S-nodes}
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- Assume a generic recursive relation is defined as : A[i] = p*A[i-1] + q where p and q are coefficients of the relation. Write a function that takes the first three numbers in this relation as a list, such as [A[0], A[1], A[2]] and computes p and q, and returns A[3]. For example, given [1,3,5] your function should return 7, because the numbers 1,3,5 are produced by the series: A[i] = A[i-1] + 2 where p is 1 and q is 2, and then the next number in the series becomes 7. You can assume that p and q are always integers. You can also assume that p and q are determinable in any test case. PhytonQuestion 4: Assume a generic recursive relation is defined as : A[i] = p*A[i-1] + q where p and q are coefficients of the relation. Write a function that takes the first three numbers in this relation as a list, such as [A[0], A[1], A[2]] and computes p and q, and returns A[3]. For example, given [1,3,5] your function should return 7, because the numbers 1,3,5 are produced by the series: A[i] = A[i-1] + 2 where p is 1 and q is 2, and then the next number in the series becomes 7. You can assume that p and q are always integers. You can also assume that p and q are determinable in any test case. def recursionSolver(values):For Exercises 1–7, show the threaded BST that results from right-threading the binary search tree. Exercises 6 and 7 ask you to write functions for right-threaded BSTs. You should also test your functions with driver programs as instructed in Programming Problems 28 and 29 at the end of this chapter. Write a function to implement the inorder traversal algorithm for a right-threaded BST given in the text.
- Assume a generic recursive relation is defined as :A[i] = p*A[i-1] + qwhere p and q are coefficients of the relation. Write a function that takes the first three numbers in this relation as a list,such as [A[0], A[1], A[2]]and computes p and q, and returns A[3]. For example, given [1,3,5] your function should return 7, because the numbers 1,3,5 are produced by the series:A[i] = A[i-1] + 2where p is 1 and q is 2, and then the next number in the series becomes 7. You can assume that p and q are always integers. You can also assume that p and q are determinable in any test case.Problem 1: Generalized queue. Design a data structure that supports the followingoperations for a generalized queue:(i) Find(i) which returns the i-th item from the queue.(ii) InsertFirst(x) which inserts item x at the front of the queue.(iii) InsertLast(x) which inserts item x to the front of the queue.(iv) Delete(i) which removes the i-th item from the queue.Here is a simple example:Initialize Q to be an empty generalized queue.Calling InsertFirst(A) on Q results in Q = [A].Calling InsertFirst(B) on Q results in Q = [B, A].Calling InsertLast(C) on Q results in Q = [B, A, C].Calling InsertLast(D) on Q results in Q = [B, A, C, D].Calling InsertFirst(E) on Q results in Q = [E, B, A, C, D].Calling InsertFirst(F) on Q results in Q = [F, E, B, A, C, D].Calling InsertLast(G) on Q results in Q = [F, E, B, A, C, D, G].Calling Find(2) on Q returns E.Calling Delete(2) on Q results in Q = [F, B, A, C, D, G].Calling Find(2) on Q returns B.Your data structure should implement all operations in…Assume a generic recursive relation is defined as :A[i] = p*A[i-1] + qwhere p and q are coefficients of the relation. Write a function that takes the first three numbers in this relation as a list,such as [A[0], A[1], A[2]]and computes p and q, and returns A[3]. For example, given [1,3,5] your function should return 7, because the numbers 1,3,5 are produced by the series:A[i] = A[i-1] + 2where p is 1 and q is 2, and then the next number in the series becomes 7. You can assume that p and q are always integers. You can also assume that p and q are determinable in any test case.""" def recursionSolver(values):return # Remove this line to answer this question. İn python.
- C PROGRAMMING Implement dijkstras alorithm Check that the Graph graph, and starting node, id, are valid• Create the set S containing all the networks (vertices) except the source node (you might wantto use an array for this.• Create an array to represent the table D and initialise it with the weights of the edges from thesource node, or infinity if no edge exists. You should use the constant DBL_MAX to representinfinity.• Create an array to represent the table R and initialise it with the next hops if an edge existsfrom the source, or 0 otherwise.• Then repeatedly follow the remaining rules of Dijkstra’s algorithm, updating the values in D andR until S is empty.• Each of the values required to complete the above can be found by calling the variousfunctions (get_vertices(), get_edge(), edge_destination(), edge_weight(), etc.)in the supplied graph library.• Once Dijkstra’s algorithm has run, you will need to create the routing table to be returned byallocating enough memory for the…When iterating over a hierarchical data structure, such as a tree,Group of answer choices 1. Iterating must be done recursively and it must start at the root, visiting each node once. 2. Iterating must start at the children, and must be done with recursion. 3. Iterating starts at the root but can continue depth first or breadth first, and must be done recursively. 4. Iterating must start at the root and it must traverse nodes exactly once.Hippity hoppity, abolish loopity def frog_collision_time(frog1, frog2): A frog hopping along on the infinite two-dimensional lattice grid of integers is represented as a 4-tuple of the form (sx, sy, dx, dy) where (sx, sy) is its starting position at time zero, and (dx, dy) is its constant direction vector for each hop. Time advances in discrete integer steps 0, 1, 2, 3, ... so that each frog makes one hop at every tick of the clock. At time t, the position of that frog is given by the formula (sx+t*dx, sy+t*dy) that can be nimbly evaluated for any t.Given two frogs frog1 and frog2 that are guaranteed to initially stand on different squares, return the time when both frogs hop into the same square. If these two frogs never simultaneously arrive at the same square, return None.This function should not contain any loops whatsoever. The result should be calculated using conditional statements and integer arithmetic. Perhaps the best way to get cracking is to first solve a simpler version…
- Hippity hoppity, abolish loopity def frog_collision_time(frog1, frog2): A frog hopping along on the infinite two-dimensional lattice grid of integers is represented as a 4- tuple of the form (sx, sy, dx, dy) where (sx, sy) is its starting position at time zero, and (dx, dy) is its constant direction vector for each hop. Time advances in discrete integer steps 0, 1, 2, 3, ... so that each frog makes one hop at every tick of the clock. At time t, the position of that frog is given by the formula (sx+t*dx, sy+t*dy) that can be nimbly evaluated for any t. Given two frogs frog1 and frog2 that are guaranteed to initially stand on different squares, return the time when both frogs hop into the same square. If these two frogs never simultaneously arrive at the same square, return None. This function should not contain any loops whatsoever. The result should be calculated using conditional statements and integer arithmetic. Perhaps the best way to get cracking is to first solve a simpler…4) Given that a queue is being represented by the following circular representation in an array (front is currently 4 and back is currently 7): array component: 0 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 | | | | 37 | 41 | 12 | 34 | | a) Show what this representation would like after the following sequence of operations are performed: deq(q, i); deq(q, j); enq(q, 81); enq(q, 72); enq(q, 38); deq(q, k); (indicate the current position of front and back for each operation) b) What is an advantage of this implementation of a queue? c) What is a disadvantage of this implementation of a queue?Question 15 0.5 p Consider the implementation of the singly linked list having the head pointer only in the representation. Which of the following operations can be performed in 0(1) time? Consider the implementation of the singly linked list. Which of the following operations can be performed in 0(1) time? i) Deletion of the last node in the linked list ii) Insertion at the front of the linked list iii) Deletion of the first node in the linked list iv) Insertion at the end of the linked list ii both ii and i both i and iy both i and ii