According to the tables, which allele is positively (increases the risk) associated with the development of Alzheimer’s disease? What are the control groups in these studies?2. The frequency of all three genotypes with Ɛ4 is 0.64 in AD patients and 0.31 in the control group in the United States; 0.47 in AD patients and 0.17 in the control group in Japan. Interpret these data. 3. L.W. has the genotype Ɛ4/Ɛ4. According to the Table 12-10, she has 30-50% genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease, known as the late onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) which typically develop after 60 years old. Is LOAD a complex disease? Present all your supporting arguments. GenotypeTable 8-7. Association of Apolipoprotein E 4 Allele with Alzheimer Disease*FrequencyAD0.640.36United StatesFrequency in white populationsFrequency in patients with Alzheimer diseaseEffect on Alzheimer disease24/24; £4/23; or 24/2€3/3; £2/£3; or €2/€2*Frequency of genotypes with and without the c4 allele among Alzheimer disease (AD) patients and controls from the United States and Japan.Control0.310.69€4Table 12-10. The Amino Acid Substitutions Underlying the Three Common Apolipoprotein E PolymorphismsAllele€2€3Residue 112CysCysResidue 158CysArg1110%65%2%58%ProtectiveNone knownAD0.470.53JapanControl0.170.83ArgArg25%40%30%-50% of the genetic risk of Alzheimer diseaseThese figures are estimates, with differences in allele frequencies that vary with ethnicity in control populations, and with age, gender, and ethnicity in AD subjects.Data derived from St. George Hyslop PH, et al: Alzheimer's disease and the fronto-temporal dementias: diseases with cerebral deposition of fibrillar proteins. In Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, SlyWS, Valle D (eds): The Molecular and Metabolic Bases of Inherited Disease, 8th ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2000, and P.H. St. George Hyslop, personal communication.

The questions rotate around the affiliation of a particular allele (APOE-Ɛ4) with Alzheimer's…

Answered: According to the tables, which allele…

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Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Publisher:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Chapter28: Development And Inheritance

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 28RQ: Marfan syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Which of the following is true?...

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According to the tables, which allele is positively (increases the risk) associated with the development of Alzheimer’s disease? What are the control groups in these studies?

2. The frequency of all three genotypes with Ɛ4 is 0.64 in AD patients and 0.31 in the control group in the United States; 0.47 in AD patients and 0.17 in the control group in Japan. Interpret these data.

3. L.W. has the genotype Ɛ4/Ɛ4. According to the Table 12-10, she has 30-50% genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease, known as the late onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) which typically develop after 60 years old. Is LOAD a complex disease? Present all your supporting arguments.

Genotype
Table 8-7. Association of Apolipoprotein E 4 Allele with Alzheimer Disease*
Frequency
AD
0.64
0.36
United States
Frequency in white populations
Frequency in patients with Alzheimer disease
Effect on Alzheimer disease
24/24; £4/23; or 24/2
€3/3; £2/£3; or €2/€2
*Frequency of genotypes with and without the c4 allele among Alzheimer disease (AD) patients and controls from the United States and Japan.
Control
0.31
0.69
€4
Table 12-10. The Amino Acid Substitutions Underlying the Three Common Apolipoprotein E Polymorphisms
Allele
€2
€3
Residue 112
Cys
Cys
Residue 158
Cys
Arg
11
10%
65%
2%
58%
Protective
None known
AD
0.47
0.53
Japan
Control
0.17
0.83
Arg
Arg
25%
40%
30%-50% of the genetic risk of Alzheimer disease
These figures are estimates, with differences in allele frequencies that vary with ethnicity in control populations, and with age, gender, and ethnicity in AD subjects.
Data derived from St. George Hyslop PH, et al: Alzheimer's disease and the fronto-temporal dementias: diseases with cerebral deposition of fibrillar proteins. In Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly
WS, Valle D (eds): The Molecular and Metabolic Bases of Inherited Disease, 8th ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2000, and P.H. St. George Hyslop, personal communication.

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