a. When the forces of supply and demand lead to an inefficient outcome O it is a signal that the government needs to take ownership of that market including all the resources involved. economists call this a deadweight loss. economists call this a market failure. the economic surplus is maximized. Classify each scenario as to whether it is likely to result in an efficient or inefficient market outcome.
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- Write down a model of positive production externality with two firms, in which theproduction activities of one firm directly affects the production/cost of the other firm.State and explain the key assumptions of the model. Using the model, answer thefollowing questions:(a) Explain why the presence of a positive production externality could prevent therealisation of an efficient outcome.(b) Name a possible cure for the positive production externality and explain how itcould solve the inefficiency problem.(a) Jill's Demand $8 Jill's demand. 10 Quantity 15 (b) Joe's Demand O A. The construction of market demand for an excludable good. O B. The construction of market demand for a private good. O C. The construction of market demand for a public good. O D. The construction of market demand for a rival good. $10 Refer to the graphs above. What procedure does this series of graphs show? :10 Joe's demand Quantity 15 (c) Market Demand $18 Market demand 10 Quantity 15Suppose that you are an economic-policy advisor. Environmental groups are pressuring you toimplement the highest-possible carbon tax, whileindustry groups are pressuring you to implementno carbon tax at all. Both argue that their positionmakes more sense economically. Explain to themwhat the most-efficient tax level will be, and whythere are costs to setting the tax too high or toolow
- QUESTION 36 Given the diagram below which of the following statements is true? 54.50 400 3.50 300 250 200 150 100 O123 45678 10 11 12 13H 15 Quantity hosandh of doe per mone OA. When the price is $2 there is a surplus of 4 units O B. When the price is $1:50 the quantity demanded is 4 units OC When the price is $3.50 the quantity demanded is 12 units OD. When the price is $3.00 there is a surplus of 4 units QUESTION 37 Which of the following is NOT a reason why countries impose tariffs on imports? O A. Protect domestic industries OB. Retaliation OC National security O D. None of the above QUESTION 38 Which of the following statements is FALSE? OA. The GDP of a country equals the value of final output produced within the borders of that country O B. The GNP of a country equals the value af final output produced using factors owned by residents of the country. OC GDP - net income received from abroad by residents of a nation + GNP O D.GDP represents the most commonly used measure of an…P 21 19 16 9 10 6 N' E₁ S₂ D 15 31 The graph shown demonstrates a tax on sellers. Which of the following can be said about the effect of this tax? 52 S₁ The deadweight loss would be smaller if this tax had been imposed on buyers. O Consumers prefer this tax over a tax levied on buyers. ✔The deadweight loss would be larger if this tax had been imposed on buyers. The tax decreases producer surplus The tax increases consumer surplus The tax increases producer surplus. The tax decreases consumer surplus.8. Assume that the production of cement also produces a substantial amount of air pol- lution and that a technology is available that can lower the pollution but with some- what higher production costs for the cement. Because of the availability of raw materials in Lindertania, it produces large amounts of cement, and its exports supply most demand in Pugelovia. But the air pollution from Lindertania's production blows into Pugelovia, causing a noticeable deterioration in Pugelovia's air quality. Although Lindertania suffers some harm itself from this air pollution, it does not now have any policy to reduce the pollution. The Pugelovian government wants to address this air pollution problem. a. If the two countries' governments cooperate, what is the best solution to address the problem? Explain. b. If Pugelovia must come up with a solution on its own, what should the Pugelovian government do? Explain.
- O a. A tax of $4 per unit of output O b. A tax of $6 per unit of output O c. A subsidy of $4 per unit of output O d. A subsidy of $6 per unit of output C 16 5 6 U F6 Quantity Private Value Private Cost External Cost (Units) (Dollars) (Dollars) 6 6 H F7 Refer to Table 10-4. Which of the following policies would move the market from the market equilibrium to the socially optimal equilibrium? & 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 F8 *00 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 8 Iuvit IU 4 8 K Fo (Dollars) 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 ( 9 F10 O 0 --- 6 F11 6 6 6 6 ☀+ Ti F12 PrtSc + 11 DI DOLBY ATMOS SPEAKER SYSTEM Insert Delete BackspaTwo reasons for a government to intervene in a market are to Select one: O a. raise revenues and to promote stability O b. promote efficiency and to promote stability O c. promote equity and to promote stability O d. promote equity and to promote efficiencyK What are the obstacles to achieving an efficient allocation of resources in the market economy? The obstacles to achieving an efficient allocation of resources in the market economy include OA. taxes and subsidies, externalities, monopoly, and public goods B. rising wage rates, technological advances, falling oil prices, and changes in preferences C. rising wage rates, externalities, technological advances, and common resources D. taxes and subsidies, falling oil prices, monopoly, and changes in preferences Note:- Please avoid using ChatGPT and refrain from providing handwritten solutions; otherwise, I will definitely give a downvote. Also, be mindful of plagiarism. Answer completely and accurate answer. Rest assured, you will receive an upvote if the answer is accurate.
- 0 Figure 4 PRICE (Dollars per unit) 9.00 8.40 6.21 4.50 Social Cost Supply 48 60 76 100 QUANTITY (Units of tobacco) O $6.21 and 76 units, respectively. O $9.00 and 60 units, respectively. O $8.40 and 48 units, respectively. O $4.50 and 100 units, respectively. Demand Refer to Figure 4. This graph represents the tobacco industry. The socially optimal price and quantity areFigure 5-1 Price (dollars per vaccination) $60 50 40 400 600 Supply D, Refer to Figure 5-1. The market equilibrium quantity is O 200 O 400 O 600 O > 600 D₂ Quantity (thousands of vaccinations) Figure 5-1 represents the market for vaccinations. Vaccinations are considered a benefit to society, and the figure shows both the marginal private benefit and the marginal social benefit from vaccinations. thousand vaccinations.PRICE (Dollars per unit) 24 20 16 co Refer to Figure 10-6. In order to reach the social optimum, the government could O a. impose a tax of $8 per unit on plastics. O b. impose a tax of $2 per unit on plastics. c. impose a tax of $6 per unit on plastics. O d. offer a subsidy of $6 per unit on plastics. Figure 10-6 100 Social Cost Supply Demand 200 300 400 500 QUANTITY (Units of plastic) 600