A portion of the SPARK COMPANY's statement of financial position appears as follows: December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Assets: Cash Notes receivable Inventory Llabilities: P353,300 0 ? 25,00000 199,875 75,000 Spark Company pays for all operating expenses with cash and purchases all inventory on credit. During 2017, cash totaling P471,700 was paid on accounts payable. Operating expenses for 2017 totaled P220,000. All sales are cash sales. The inventory was restocked by purchasing 1,500 units per month and valued by using periodic. FIFO. The unit cost of inventory was P32.60 during January 2017 and increased P0.10 per month dunng the year. Spark selis only one product. All sales are made for P50 per unit. The ending inventory for 2016 was valued at P32.50 per unit Accounts payable P100,000
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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