College Physics 1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168000
Author: Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher: Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
1 Introduction: The Nature Of Science And Physics 2 Kinematics 3 Two-dimensional Kinematics 4 Dynamics: Force And Newton's Laws Of Motion 5 Further Applications Of Newton's Laws: Friction, Drag, And Elasticity 6 Uniform Circular Motion And Gravitation 7 Work, Energy, And Energy Resources 8 Linear Momentum And Collisions 9 Statics And Torque 10 Rotational Motion And Angular Momentum 11 Fluid Statics 12 Fluid Dynamics And Its Biological And Medical Applications 13 Temperature, Kinetic Theory, And The Gas Laws 14 Heat And Heat Transfer Methods 15 Thermodynamics 16 Oscillatory Motion And Waves 17 Physics Of Hearing 18 Electric Charge And Electric Field 19 Electric Potential And Electric Field 20 Electric Current, Resistance, And Ohm's Law 21 Circuits And Dc Instruments 22 Magnetism 23 Electromagnetic Induction, Ac Circuits, And Electrical Technologies 24 Electromagnetic Waves 25 Geometric Optics 26 Vision And Optical Instruments 27 Wave Optics 28 Special Relativity 29 Introduction To Quantum Physics 30 Atomic Physics 31 Radioactivity And Nuclear Physics 32 Medical Applications Of Nuclear Physics 33 Particle Physics 34 Frontiers Of Physics Chapter14: Heat And Heat Transfer Methods
Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: How is heat transfer related to temperature? Problem 2CQ: Describe a situation in which heat transfer occurs. What are the resulting forms of energy? Problem 3CQ: When heal transfers into a system, is the energy stored as heat? Explain briefly. Problem 4CQ: What three factors affect the heat transfer that is necessary to change an object's temperature? Problem 5CQ: The brakes in a car increase in temperature by T when bringing the car to rest from a speed v. How... Problem 6CQ: Heat transfer can cause temperature and phase changes. What else can cause these changes? Problem 7CQ: How does the latent heat of fusion of water help slow the decrease of air temperatures, perhaps... Problem 8CQ: What is me temperature of ice right after it is formed by freezing water? Problem 9CQ: If you place 0C ice into 0C water in an insulated container, what will happen? Will some ice melt,... Problem 10CQ: What effect does condensation on a glass of ice water have on the rate at which the ice melts? Will... Problem 11CQ: In my humid climates where there are numerous bodies of water, such as in Florida, it is unusual for... Problem 12CQ: In winters, if is often warmer in San Francisco than in nearby Sacramento, 150 km inland. In... Problem 13CQ: Putting a lid on a boiling pot greatly reduces the heat transfer necessary to keep it boiling.... Problem 14CQ: Freeze-dried toads have been dehydrated in a vacuum. During the process, me food freezes and must be... Problem 15CQ: When still air cools by radiating at night, it is unusual for temperatures to fall below the dew... Problem 16CQ: In a physics classroom demonstration, an instructor inflates a balloon by mouth and then cools it in... Problem 17CQ: What are the main methods of heat transfer front the hot core of Earth to its surface? From Earth's... Problem 18CQ: Some electric sieves have a flat ceramic surface with heating elements hidden beneath. A pot placed... Problem 19CQ: Loosefitting white clothing covering most at the body is ideal for desert dwellers, both in the hot... Problem 20CQ: One way to make a fireplace more energy efficient is to have an external air supply for me... Problem 21CQ: On cold, clear nights horses will sleep under the cover of large trees. How does this help them keep... Problem 22CQ: When watching a daytime circus in a large, darkcolored tent, you sense significant heat transfer... Problem 23CQ: Satellites designed to observe me radiation from cold (3 K) dark space have sensors that are shaded... Problem 24CQ: Why are cloudy nights generally warmer than clear ones? Problem 25CQ: Why are thermometers that are used in weather stations shielded from the sunshine? What does a... Problem 26CQ: On average, would Earth be warmer or cooler without the atmosphere? Explain your answer. Problem 1PE: On a hot day, the temperature of an 80,000L swimming pool increases by 150C. What is the net heat... Problem 2PE: Show that 1cal/gC=1kcal/kgC. Problem 3PE: To sterilize a 50.0g glass baby bottle, we must raise its temperature from 22.0C to 95.0C. How much... Problem 4PE: The same heat transfer into identical masses of different substances produces different temperature... Problem 5PE: Rubbing your hands together warms them by converting work into thermal energy. If a woman rubs her... Problem 6PE: A 0.250kg block at a pure material is heated from 20.0C to 65.0C by the addition of 4.35 kJ of... Problem 7PE: Suppose identical amounts of heat transfer into different masses of copper and water, causing... Problem 8PE: (a) The number of kilocalories in food is determined by calorimetry techniques in which the food is... Problem 9PE: Following Vigorous exercise, the body temperature of an 80.0kg person is 40.0C. At what rate in... Problem 10PE: Even when shut down after a period of normal use, a large commercial nuclear reactor transfers... Problem 11PE: How much heat transfer (in kilocalories) is required to thaw a 0.450kg package of frozen vegetables... Problem 12PE: A bag containing 0C ice is much more effective in absorbing energy than one containing the same... Problem 13PE: (a) How much heat transfer is required to raise the temperature of a 0.750kg aluminum pot containing... Problem 14PE: The formation of condensation on a glass of ice water causes the ice to melt faster than it would... Problem 15PE: On a trip, you notice that a 3.50kg bag of ice lasts an average of one day in your cooler. What is... Problem 16PE: On a certain dry sunny day, a swimming pool’s temperature would rise by 1.50C if not for... Problem 17PE: (a) How much heat transfer is necessary to raise the temperature of a 0.200kg piece of ice from... Problem 18PE: In 1986, a gargantuan iceberg broke away from the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica. It was approximately... Problem 19PE: How many grams of coffee must evaporate from 350 g of coffee in a 100g glass cup to cool the coffee... Problem 20PE: (a) It is difficult to extinguish a fire on a crude oil tanker, because each liter of crude oil... Problem 21PE: The energy released from condensation in thunderstorms can be very large. Calculate the energy... Problem 22PE: To help prevent from damage, 4.00 kg at 0C water is sprayed onto a fruit tree. (a) How much heat... Problem 23PE: A 0.250kg aluminum bowl holding 0.800 kg of soup at 25.0C is placed in a freezer. What is the final... Problem 24PE: A 0.0500kg ice cube at 30.0C is placed in 0.400 kg of 350C water in a very wellinsulated container.... Problem 25PE: If you pour 0.0100 kg of 20.0C water onto a 1.20kg block of ice (which is initially at 15.0C ), what... Problem 26PE: Indigenous people sometimes cook in watertight baskets by placing hot rocks into water to bring it... Problem 27PE: What would be the final temperature of the pan and water in Calculating the Final Temperature When... Problem 28PE: In some countries, liquid nitrogen is used on dairy trucks instead of mechanical refrigerators. A... Problem 29PE: Some gun fanciers make their own bullets, which involves melting and casting the lead slugs. How... Problem 30PE: (a) Calculate the rate of heat conduction through house walls that are 13.0 cm thick and that have... Problem 31PE: The rate of heat conduction out of a window on a winter day is rapid enough to chill the air next to... Problem 32PE: Calculate the rate of heat conduction out of the human body, assuming that the core internal... Problem 33PE: Suppose you stand with one foot on ceramic flooring and one foot on a wool carpet, making contact... Problem 34PE: A man consumes 3000 kcal of food in one day. Converting most of it to maintain body temperature. If... Problem 35PE: (a) A firewalker runs across a bed of hot coals without sustaining burns. Calculate the heat... Problem 36PE: (a) What is the rate of heat conduction through the 3.00-cm-thick fur of a large animal having a... Problem 37PE: A walrus transfers energy by conduction through its blubber at the rate of 150 W when immersed in... Problem 38PE: Compare the rate of heat conduction through a 13.0-cm-thick wall that has an area of 10.0m2 and a... Problem 39PE: Suppose a person is covered head to foot by wool clothing with average thickness of 2.00 cm and is... Problem 40PE: Some stove tops are smooth ceramic for easy cleaning. If the ceramic is 0.600 cm thick and heat... Problem 41PE: One easy way to reduce heating (and cooling) costs is to add extra insulation in the attic of a... Problem 42PE: (a) Calculate the rate of heat conduction through a double-paned window that has a 1.50m3 area and... Problem 43PE: Many decisions are made on the basis of the payback period: the time it will take through savings to... Problem 44PE: For the human body, what is the rate of heat transfer by conduction through the body’s tissue with... Problem 45PE: At what wind speed does 10C air cause the same chill factor as still air at 29C ? Problem 46PE: At what temperature does still air cause the same chill factor as 5C air moving at 15m/s ? Problem 47PE: The “steam” above a freshly made cup of instant coffee is really water vapor droplets condensing... Problem 48PE: (a) How many kilograms of water must evaporate from a 60.0-kg woman to lower her body temperature by... Problem 49PE: On a hot dry day, evaporation from a lake has just enough heat transfer to balance the 1.00kW/m2 of... Problem 50PE: One winter day, the climate control system of a large university classroom building malfunctions. As... Problem 51PE: The Kilauea volcano in Hawaii is the world’s most active, disgorging about 5105m3 of 1200C lava per... Problem 52PE: During heavy exercise, the body pumps 2.00 L of blood per minute to the surface, where it is cooled... Problem 53PE: A person inhales and exhales 2.00 L of 37.0C air, evaporating 4.00102g of water from the lungs and... Problem 54PE: A glass coffee pot has a circular bottom with a 9.00-cm diameter in contact with a heating element... Problem 55PE: At what net rate does heat radiate from a 275m2 black roof on a night when the roof’s temperature is... Problem 56PE: (a) Cherry-red embers in a fireplace are at 850C and have an exposed area of 0.200m2 and an... Problem 57PE: Radiation makes it impossible to stand close to a hot lava flow. Calculate the rate of heat transfer... Problem 58PE: (a) Calculate the rate of heat transfer by radiation from a car radiator at 110C into a 50.0C... Problem 59PE: Find the net rate of heat transfer by radiation from a skier standing in the shade, given the... Problem 60PE: Suppose you walk into a sauna that has an ambient temperature of 50.0C. (a) Calculate the rate of... Problem 61PE: Thermography is a technique for measuring radiant heat and detecting variations in surface... Problem 62PE: The Sun radiates like a perfect black body with an emissivity of exactly 1. (a) Calculate the... Problem 63PE: A large body of lava from a volcano has stopped flowing and is slowly cooling. The interior of the... Problem 64PE: Calculate the temperature the entire sky would have to be in order to transfer energy by radiation... Problem 65PE: (a) A shirtless rider under a circus tent feels the heat radiating from the sunlit portion of the... Problem 66PE: Integrated Concepts One 30.0C day the relative humidity is 75.0%, and that evening the temperature... Problem 67PE: Integrated Concepts Large meteors sometimes strike the Earth, converting most of their kinetic... Problem 68PE: Integrated Concepts Frozen waste from airplane toilets has sometimes been accidentally ejected at... Problem 69PE: €69. Integrated Concepts (a) A large electrical power facility produces 1600 MW of “waste heat.”... Problem 70PE: Integrated Concepts (a) Suppose you start a workout on a Stairmaster, producing power at the same... Problem 71PE: Integrated Concepts A 76.0-kg person suffering from hypothermia comes indoors and shivers... Problem 72PE: Integrated Concepts In certain large geographic regions, the underlying rock is hot. Wells can be... Problem 73PE: Integrated Concepts Heat transfers from your lungs and breathing passages by evaporating water. (a)... Problem 74PE: Integrated Concepts (a) What is the temperature increase of water failing 55.0 m over Niagara Falls?... Problem 75PE: Integrated Concepts Hot air rises because it has expanded. It then displaces a greater volume of... Problem 76PE: Unreasonable Results (a) What is the temperature increase of an 80.0 kg person who consumes 2500... Problem 77PE: Unreasonable Results A slightly deranged Arctic inventor surrounded by ice thinks it would be much... Problem 78PE: Unreasonable Results (a) Calculate the rate of heat transfer by conduction through a window with an... Problem 79PE: Unreasonable Results A meteorite 1.20 cm in diameter is so hot immediately after penetrating the... Problem 80PE: Construct Your Own Problem Consider a new model of commercial airplane having its brakes tested as a... Problem 81PE: Construct Your Own Problem Consider a person outdoors on a cold night. Construct a problem in which... Problem 53PE: A person inhales and exhales 2.00 L of 37.0C air, evaporating 4.00102g of water from the lungs and...
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Concept explainers
A person inhales and exhales 2.00 L of 37.0C air, evaporating 4.00 X 10-2 g of water from the lungs and breathing passages with each breath. (a) How much heat transfer occurs due to evaporation in each breath? (b) What is the rate of heat transfer in watts if the person is breathing at a moderate rate of 18.0 breaths per minute? (c) If the inhaled air had a temperature of 20.0C, what is the rate of heat transfer for warming the air? (d) Discuss the total rate of heat transfer as it relates to typical metabolic rates. Will this breathing be a major form of heat transfer for this person?
Chemical pathways by which living things function, especially those that provide cellular energy, such as the transformation of energy from food into the energy of ATP. Metabolism also focuses on chemical pathways involving the synthesis of new biomolecules and the elimination of waste.
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