A perfectly competitive industry has a large number of potential entrants. Short-Run total cost is STC=0.1q²+40 and all firms have identical cost structure. They all minimize cost at the same point where Min AC-MC and are at their long run equilibrium. 1-Find the quantity and the cost of every firm at that point. If total market demand is P = 12-600- 2-Find the total quantity demanded in the market and the corresponding number of firms. 3-Derive the market supply curve and calculate the total Welfare (CS+PS) in this market. Due to an increase in Income consider that demand shifted to P = 15- 4-What will be the new market equilibrium price and quantity? What will be the output/firm in the short-run? 600. Since entry and exit is possible in the long-run cost. 5-What should the new number of firms become to satisfy this quantity and derive the new market supply?
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- Suppose a firm in a competitive industry has the following cost curves: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Price + 1 + + + 2 3 4 5 MC ATC AVC P1 P2 P3 P4 + 6 7 8 Quantity Refer to Figure 14-13. If the price is P1 in the short run, what will happen in the long run? Nothing. The price is consistent with zero economic profits, so there is no incentive for firms to enter or exit the industry. Individual firms will earn positive economic profits in the short run, which will entice other firms to enter the industry. Individual firms will earn negative economic profits in the short run, which will cause some firms to exit the industry. Because the price is below the firm's average variable costs, the firms will shut down.A perfectly competitive industry has a large number of potential entrants. Short-Run total cost is STC-0.1q²+40 and all firms have identical cost structure. They all minimize cost at the same point where Min AC-MC and are at their long run equilibrium. 1-Find the quantity and the cost of every firm at that point. If total market demand is P = 12-6002. 2-Find the total quantity demanded in the market and the corresponding number of firms. 3-Derive the market supply curve and calculate the total Welfare (CS+PS) in this market. Due to an increase in Income consider that demand shifted to P = 15-6000. 4-What will be the new market equilibrium price and quantity? What will be the output/firm in the short-run? Since entry and exit is possible in the long-run cost. 5-What should the new number of firms become to satisfy this quantity and derive the new market supply? Go back to the original case where P = 12-600 and if the government imposes a $2/unit tax on this market. 7-What should be the…Perfect competition is an economic term that refers to a theoretical market structure in which all suppliers are equal and overall supply and demand are in equilibrium. Figure 23. 1 shows the price, marginal cost and average cost curves facing a perfectly competitive firm in the short run. Figure 23.1 Cost, pnce (Rand) B. R800 C. R960 20 D. R720 200 60 80 Output per day 100 MC AC What is the total revenue of the profit-maximising firm in the short run? A. R2 000 Price AVC @ K
- Consider the market for solar power. Assume the market is perfectly competitive and initially in long-run equilibrium; solar power sells for $.25 per kwh (kilowatt hour, a unit of power). Draw2graphs, oneto represent the market (supply and demand), and one to represent asingle firm (demand, marginal cost, and average cost curves). Assume a u-shaped average cost Show the equilibrium price and the quantity produced by the market (Q) and by each individual firm (q).A perfectly competitive market has a demand curve given by the equation Q = 2000 − 2p where Q is the market quantity demanded and P the price per unit. Each firm in the market has the total cost given by TC = 1000 + 100q + 10q' and the marginal cost MC = 100 + 20q If the current market price is $400, 1. Calculate the market quantity , profit and quantity maximizing profit for each firm and Graph your results. OK 2. Suppose that the market is in the long run.How much profit will each firm earn and what will be the market price and What is the market quantity and price ? 3 How many firms operate in this marketFigure 14-13 Suppose a firm in a competitive industry has the following cost curves: 10 9- 8 7. 6 اکیه 3.5 2 1- Price 1 2 3 4 MC 5 6 7 8 ATC AVC Refer to Figure 14-13. If the price is $2 in the short run, what will happen in the long run? ◆a. Individual firms will earn positive economic profits in the short run, which will entice other firms to enter the industry. b. Nothing. The price is consistent with zero economic profits, so there is no incentive for firms to enter or exit the industry. ● C. Individual firms will earn negative economic profits in the short run, which will cause some firms to exit the industry. d. Because the price is below the firm's average variable costs, the firms will shut down. 45
- The cost curves below are for a firm competing in a perfectly competitive industry. If the market price is $7.50, a profit-maximizing firm would: Price and cost 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2 MC y A A 1 B a 10 11 12 ATC AVC 13 Quantity Produce between 10 and 11, for a positive economic profit Produce about 9, for an economic profit of over $9 Produce between 10 and 11, for an economic profit of about $0 Produce about 9, for an economic profit of less than $9 Produce about 10, for an economic profit of about $204.5 Show that the long-run equilibrium number of firms is indeterminate when all firms in the industryshare the same constant returns-to-scale technology and face the same factor prices.4.7 Technology for producing q gives rise to the cost function c(q) = aq + bg. The market demand forqisp =a - Bq.(a) If a>0, if b < 0, and if there are J firms in the industry, what is the short-run equilibriummarket price and the output of a representative firm?b) Ifa> 0 and b <0, what is the long-run equilibrium market price and number of firms? Explain.() Ifa>0and b > 0, what is the long-un equilibrium market price and number of firms? Explain.Suppose that each firm in a competitive industry has the following costs: where q is an individual firm’s quantity produced. The market demand curve for this product is where P is the price and Q is the total quantity of the good. Currently, there are 9 firms in the market. What is each firm’s fixed cost? What is its variable cost? Give the equation for average total cost. Graph average-total-cost curve and the marginal-cost curve for q from 5 to 15. At what quantity is average-total-cost curve at its minimum? What is marginal cost and average total cost at that quantity? Give the equation for each firm’s supply curve. Give the equation for the market supply curve for the short run in which the number of firms is fixed. What is the equilibrium price and quantity for this market in the short run? In this equilibrium, how much does each firm produce? Calculate each firm’s profit or loss. Is there incentive for firms to enter or exit? In the long run with…
- Price (S) 24- 21- 18- 15- 12- 9- 6- 3- 0 MG OC. 800 OD. 1,200 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Quantity (100s) (Figure 7) The graph shows a firm's marginal cost curve. This firm operates in a perfectly competitive industry with market demand and supply curves given by Qd = 100-8 P and QS = -20+2 P, where Q is measured in millions of units. Based on the figure, how many units of output will the firm produce at the equilibrium price? OA. 400 OB. 1,100Figure 22-13 Price MC AVC * P₁ P₁ Pa P₁ . 0,0₂ Q₂ Q ATC Quantity Refer to Figure 22-13. If the market price this price-taker firm faces were to rise from P3 to P4, in the short run the firm would and from caming zero economic profit to positive economic profit.and cost 20 15 14 11 MC ATC 750 1.100 1.350 1,800 AVC MR Quantity Figure 12-5 shows cost and demand curves facing a typical firm in a constant-cost, perfectly competitive industry. Refer to Figure 12-5. If the firm's fixed cost increases by $1,000 due to a new environmental regulation, what happens in the diagram above? None of the curves shifts; only the fixed cost curve, which is not shown here, is affected. All the cost curves shift upward. Only the average variable cost and average total cost curves shift upward: marginal cost is not affected. Only the average total cost curve shifts upward; the marginal cost and average variable cost curves are not affected.