A patient has a monoclonal protein with a concentration of 2.5 g/dL. Levels of other immunoglobulins are normal and serum calcium is not elevated. The patient has a mild plasmacytosis (5%) of the bone marrow. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A patient has a monoclonal protein with a concentration of 2.5 g/dL. Levels of other immunoglobulins are normal and serum calcium is not elevated. The patient has a mild plasmacytosis (5%) of the bone marrow. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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- a 24-year-old who has recently returned from a skiing vacation in the Canadian Rockies, presents to his physician with a swollen left knee. There is a decrease in range of motion and pain upon walking. Physical examination reveals a painful left knee which is swollen. X-ray of the knee reveals the accumulation of fluid and subsequent synovial fluid analysis indicates lymphocytes but a lack of neutrophils. Please discuss whether this knee injury is acute or chronic inflammation and what mediators were likely to be involved in this inflammation.Which is not characteristic of Hodgkin lymphoma in the following options A.randomness and uncertainty of the site of the disease B.lymph nodes are the primary source in about 90% of cases, the disease usually starts from one or a group of lymph nodes and gradually spreads to nearby lymph nodes C. tumor cells are a unique type of tumor giant cells, which only account for 1-5% of all cell components in the pathological tissues D. R-S cells in tumor tissues of different cases or in different pathological stages of the same case are different E. in the later stages of HL, the bone marrow may be involved in about 10% of casesA patient being treated for metastatic carcinoma was found to have a white cell count of 5 x 10°/L with 5 metarubricytes (nucleated red cells) per 100 WBCs. What is the corrected white cell count for this patient?
- Describe the structure and function of each of the following cell types 1. Basophils 2. Neutrophils 3. Macrophages 4. Dendritic cells 5. Eosinophils Which cells are phagocytic?A white cell differential was performed for an adult female, with the following percentages of cells counted:Neutrophils = 25%, Lymphocytes = 69%, Monocytes = 5%, Eosinophils = 1%, Basophils = <1%Given that the total white cell count for this individual is 8.1x109/L, calculate the absolute number of lymphocytes per litre of blood. Discuss possible causes for any of the white cell differential counts which do not fall within the expected reference ranges.Atherosclerosis is a disease of the vascular endothelium. The principal players in the atherogenic processare lipid materials and even cells of the immune system.a. What lipids from the diet participate in the atherogenic process and how did each of themcontribute to the “lipid theory” of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis?b. What immune system cells participate and how do they mediate in the atherogenic process
- Name the different types of granulocytes. Give the function of the one which constitutes maximum percentage of total leucocytes.Discuss conditions particularly associated with lymphocytosis.Apart from suffering from recurrent and prolonged infections, Marie Curie also experienced the following signs and symptoms: fatigue, rapid heart rate, pale skin, easy bruising, prolonged bleeding from cuts, and dizziness. Bone marrow transplant was not an option at that time and so blood transfusion was the treatment of choice. Explain the reasoning behind these other signs and symptoms that Curie experienced. Assume her blood group was A negative. Which blood groups can she receive? Which blood groups can she not receive? Explain why.
- The following complete blood count (CBC) is completed for a client with chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression include: hemogiobin of 8.2 g/dL, hematocrit of 29%, platelet count of 160,000/ul, and white blood cell count of 2500/µL. The client was placed on filgrastim (Neupogen) 480 mcg SQ for 2 weeks. Which laboratory finding indicates that this therapy is effective? O The client's hemoglobin is 8.6 g/dL The client's hematocrit is > than 30% O The client's white blood cell is 3500/µl The client's platelet count is 165,000/µLList the steps (beginning with activation of epithelial cells on the intima) leading to the rupture of plaque that can result in a clot that can cause a heart attack.1) six hundred blood donors donate at a particular clinic over a 5-day period. the distribution of blood types and Rh factors as followed AB-positive- 24 AB-negative- 6 2) what is the probability that a randomly selected blood donor from this group ..... C) Has type O blood and is Rh-negative d) has type O blood or is Rh-negative e) has type O blood, given that they are Rh-negative f) is Rh-negative, given that they have type o blood g) are having type o blood and being Rh-negative independent? Explain. h) are having type A blood and being Rh-negative independent? explain.
