A 30-year-old patient presents to the clinic with complaints of excessive thirst and urination. The patientreports drinking several liters of water per day but continues to feel dehydrated. A physical examinationreveals no significant findings, and the patient's vital signs are stable. Laboratory tests show elevatedserum sodium levels and an osmolarity that is higher than expected for the measured serum sodiumconcentration. However, urine osmolarity is inappropriately low. Which of the diagnostic tests would beable to confirm the likely diagnosis?

A 30-year-old patient presents to the clinic with complaints of excessive thirst and urination.The…

Answered: A 30-year-old patient presents to the…

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter14: The Urinary System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15RE

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

A 60-year-old woman with history of lung cancer is admitted for weakness and lethargy for 4 weeks. Her serum [Na*] is 120 mEq/L. She weighs 60 kg. Her serum osmolality is 250 mOsm/kg H2O with urine osmolality of 616 mOsm/kg H2O. The diagnosis of SIADH is made. What would be her serum [Na], if she receives 1 L of isotonic saline? A. 122 mEq/L B. 116 mEq/L C. 118 mEq/L D. 120 mEq/L E. 124 mEq/L
A patient has recently been diagnosed with SIADH Which clinical finding would the nurse expect to find? increased serum sodium increased urine output decreased urine output O increased serum osmolality
A 3-month-old boy is brought to the emergency department because of a 20day history of lethargy. Physical examination shows no other abnormalities. The results of laboratory studies are shown: serum: Na+ 165 mEa/L (N=139-146) Cl- 130 mEq/L (N=95-105) Osmolality 334 mOsmol/kg H2O (N=282-295) urine: specific gravity 1.001 osmolality 117 mOsmol/kg H2O (N>200) He is admitted to the hospital. His urine output is increased. His serum ADH (vasopressin) concentraion is 24 pg/mL (N=1-5); aldosterone and renin concentrations are within the reference ranges. The urine osmolality remains unchanges after administration of 1-deamino-B-arginine vasopressin. An MRI of the brain and pituitary gland shows no abnormalities. Ultrasonography shows normal kidneys. The most likely underlying cause of the findings in this patient is a defect in which of the following?a. angiotensin-converting enzyme b. aquaporin c. 11a-Hydroxylase d. renin e. vasopressin receptors
A 65 years old patient had a major abdominal surgery a day ago. It is known that during surgery he had a few episodes with a significant decrease in blood pressure. It did require an additional administration of fluids intravenously. Currently this patient has a serum sodium level of 122 mEq/L and a serum osmolality is 250 mOsm/kg. He shows no evidence of dehydration. Describe the sequence of physiogical events that led to this abnormality and its possible consequences.
Following overnight (6 p.m. to 8 a.m.) fluid deprivation, the urine-to-serum osmolarity ratio in a patient who is exhibiting polyuria and polydipsia is 1:1. The ratio remains the same when a second specimen is tested at 10 a.m. ADH is then administered subcutaneously to the patient, and the fluid deprivation is continued until 2 p.m., when another specimen is tested. Based on the findings, what is the possible disease/disorder of the patient? Discuss the pathophysiology of the disease/disorder. Give two (2) possible laboratory tests that will be requested to confirm the diagnosis. Discuss the significance of requesting the laboratory tests. What are the laboratory findings that will confirm the diagnosis? Give two (2) laboratory findings.
Renal tubules cannot reabsorb HCO3–; yet HCO3–concentration in the tubular fluid falls while in the blood plasma itrises. Explain this apparent contradiction.
A 75 years old obtunded male chronically admittedin th ICU had elevated levels of sodium. He was on NPO and had dry skin with minimal urine output. Does the electrolyte level correlate with the patient's condition?
35. Identify the osmolality (including units) of MOST body fluids (cytosol, ISF, blood, CSF, etc.) vs. the osmolality range created and maintained in the renal medulla ISF by the countercurrent mechanism. Include the units. I Most body fluids except urine Renal medulla ISF Urine
A 68-year old woman presents with hypertension and oliguria. A CT of the abdomen reveals a hypoplastic left kidney. based on the following laboratory data which of the following is her estimated RPF? Renal artery p-amino hippuric acid (PAH) = 6mg/dL Renal vein PAH = 0.6mg/dL urinary PAH = 25mg/mL urine flow= 1.5mL/min hematocrit = 40%
Creatinine is usually more accurate marker of kidney function than urea, discuss.
In renal tubular failure, serum levels of B2 microglobulin are decreased and urine levels are increased. True or False
Abnormal Urinary Constituents: What 3 constituents might be present in urine if a patient has a urinary tract infection?

SEE MORE QUESTIONS

Recommended textbooks for you

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap …

Biology

ISBN:

9781285866932

Author:

Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:

Cengage Learning