A 2016 article in JAMA reports the results of a study of treatment outcomes for children with mild gastroenteritis who were given oral rehydration therapy. Enrolled children were randomized to received either rehydration with diluted apple juice (DAJ), or an electrolyte maintenance solution (EMS). As per the study authors: "The primary outcome was a composite of treatment failure defined by any of the following occurring within 7 days of enrollment: intravenous rehydration, hospitalization, subsequent unscheduled physician encounter, protracted symptoms, crossover, and 3%or more weight loss or significant dehydration at in-person follow-up. Secondary outcomes included intravenous rehydration, hospitalization, and frequency of diarrhea and vomiting." Of the 323 children randomized to DAJ, 54 experienced treatment failure. (17 %). Of he 324 children randomized to EMS, 81 experienced treatment failure. (25 %) Estimate the risk difference (difference in proportions) of treatment failure for children in the DAJ group compared to children in the EMS group. (DAJ-EMS). Please report as a decimal, not a percentage.

A 2016 article in JAMA reports the results of a study of treatment outcomes for children with mild gastroenteritis who were given oral rehydration therapy. Enrolled children were randomized to received either rehydration with diluted apple juice (DAJ), or an electrolyte maintenance solution (EMS). As per the study authors: "The primary outcome was a composite of treatment failure defined by any of the following occurring within 7 days of enrollment: intravenous rehydration, hospitalization, subsequent unscheduled physician encounter, protracted symptoms, crossover, and 3%or more weight loss or significant dehydration at in-person follow-up. Secondary outcomes included intravenous rehydration, hospitalization, and frequency of diarrhea and vomiting." Of the 323 children randomized to DAJ, 54 experienced treatment failure. (17 %). Of he 324 children randomized to EMS, 81 experienced treatment failure. (25 %) Estimate the risk difference (difference in proportions) of treatment failure for children in the DAJ group compared to children in the EMS group. (DAJ-EMS). Please report as a decimal, not a percentage.

Essentials of Business Analytics (MindTap Course List)

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781305627734

Author:Jeffrey D. Camm, James J. Cochran, Michael J. Fry, Jeffrey W. Ohlmann, David R. Anderson

Publisher:Jeffrey D. Camm, James J. Cochran, Michael J. Fry, Jeffrey W. Ohlmann, David R. Anderson

Chapter2: Descriptive Statistics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 21P: Return to the waiting times given for the physicians office in Problem 19. a. Considering only...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Use the sample data and confidence level given below to complete parts (a) through (d). A drug is used to help prevent blood clots in cortain patients. In olinical trials, among 4202 patienta treated with the drug, 120 developed the adverse reaction of nausea. Construct a 96% confidence interval for the proportion of adverse reactions a) Find the best point estimate of the population proportion p. (Round to three decimal places as needed.)
A group of doctors investigated sleep-related breathing disorders in adults with traumatic brain injuries (TBI). The respiratory disturbanceindex (RDI), which is the number of apneic and hypopneic episodes per hour of sleep, was used as a measure of severity of sleep apnea.An RDI of 5 or more indicates sleep-related breathing disturbances. The DIs for the females and males in the study are as follows. Usethe technology of your choice to answer the following questions. Explain your answers. Complete (a) and (b) below.a. If you had to choose between the use of pooled t-procedures and nonpooled t-procedures here, which would you choose?O A. Pooled t-procedures, because there is no indication that the populations have nearly equal standard deviations.O B. Nonpooled t-procedures, because there is no indication that the populations have nearly equal standard deviations.O C. Nonpooled t-procedures, because there is a reasonable indication that the populations have nearly equal standard…
An investigator wanted to examine drinking green tea and the incidence and severity of flu in a prospective cohort study. The investigator recruited 1000 people and asked them about their tea consumptio Of the 1000, people 200 reported drinking tea regularly, 100 occasionally, and the remaining 700 reported never drinking green tea. After 3 months of follow up, the investigator collected on the flu incidence and severity in the following table. Calculate The Risk Ratio (RR) for flu among regularly drinking green tea vs. never :______ The Risk Ratio (RR) for severity of flu among regularly drinking green tea vs. never : The interpretation of this finding is: Green Tea Drinking Regularly drink green tea Occasionally drink green tea Never drink green tea Developed flu 30 13 100 Did not develop flu 170 OF. The correct answer is A & D 87 700 Developed sever flu symptoms 10 6 60 Developed mild- moderate flu symptoms 20 7 40 O A. RR for flu among regular vs. never = 1.05; and RR for severity…
A scientist claims that pneumonia causes weight loss in mice. The table shows the weights (in grams) of six mice before infection and two days after infection. At α = 0.05, is there enough evidence to support the scientist's claim? Assume the samples are random and dependent, and the population is normally distributed. Complete parts (a) through (e) below. Mouse Weight (before) Weight (after) 5 6 1 2 3 4 22.9 23.1 21.1 20.1 19.1 20.1 21.5 22.3 20.3 19.6 18.1 19.0 U. Pneumonia causes weight loss in mice. Let μd be the hypothesized mean of the difference in the weights (before-after). What are Ho and H₂? A. Ho Hd 20 H₂- P 2015 ○ C. t (c) Calculate d and sd- (Round to three decimal places as needed.) a HP #0 GAV OC. Ho Hd #0 Ha d=0 OE Ho Hd ≤d Ha->d
A scientist claims that pneumonia causes weight loss in mice. The table shows the weights (in grams) of six mice before infection and two days after infection. At a = 0.05, is there enough evidence to support the scientist's claim? Assume the samples are random and dependent, and the population is normally distributed. Complete parts (a) through (e) below. Mouse Weight (before) Weight (after) ... D. Ho Pd 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 22.9 23.1 21.1 20.1 19.1 20.1 21.5 22.3 20.3 19.6 18.1 19.0 (b) Find the critical value(s) and identify the rejection region(s). Select the correct choice below and fill in any answer boxes to complete your choice. (Round to three decimal places as needed.) OA. t 2015 OC. (c) Calculate d and sd- d= 0.933 (Round to three decimal places as needed) Calculate Sa- Sd=0.308 (Round to three decimal places as needed.) (d) Find the standardized test statistic t t= (Round to two decimal places as needed) O E. Ho Hd = 0 Ha Pd 20 a cu OF. Ho: Hasd Ha: Hy> d
Return to the waiting times given for the physicians office in Problem 19. a. Considering only offices without a wait-tracking system, what is the z-score for the 10th patient in the sample (wait time 5 37 minutes)? b. Considering only offices with a wait-tracking system, what is the z-score for the 6th patient in the sample (wait time 5 37 minutes)? How does this z-score compare with the z-score you calculated for part a? c. Based on z-scores, do the data for offices without a wait-tracking system contain any outliers? Based on z-scores, do the data for offices without a wait-tracking system contain any outliers? 19. Suppose that the average waiting time for a patient at a physicians office is just over 29 minutes. To address the issue of long patient wait times, some physicians offices are using wait-tracking systems to notify patients of expected wait times. Patients can adjust their arrival times based on this information and spend less time in waiting rooms. The following data show wait times (in minutes) for a sample of patients at offices that do not have a wait-tracking system and wait times for a sample of patients at offices with such systems. a. What are the mean and median patient wait times for offices with a wait-tracking system? What are the mean and median patient wait times for offices without a wait-tracking system? b. What are the variance and standard deviation of patient wait times for offices with a wait-tracking system? What are the variance and standard deviation of patient wait times for visits to offices without a wait tracking system? c. Create a box plot for patient wait times for offices without a wait-tracking system.
Case Study . Biopsies from the liver and intestine of an otherwise asymptomatic 35-year-old male show masses of acid-fast bacilli throughout the tissue. Explain the pathology going on here and provide a preliminary diagnosis.
17. In Year 1, Better Sleep Company began to receive complaints from physicians that patients were experiencing unexpected side effects from the company's sleep apnea drug. The company took the drug off the market near the end of Year 1. During Year 2, the company was sued by 1,000 customers who had had a severe allergic reaction to the company's drug and required hospitalization. At the end of Year 2, the company's attorneys estimated a 60 percent chance the company would need to make payments in the range of $1,000 to $5,000 to settle each claim, with all amounts in that range being equally likely. At the end of Year 3, while none of the cases had been resolved, the company's attorneys now estimated an 80 percent probability the company would be required to make payments in the range of $2,000 to $7,000 to settle each claim. In Year 4, 400 claims were settled at a total cost of $1.2 million. Based on this experience, the company believes 30 percent of the remaining cases will be…
In Year 1, began to receive complaints from physicians that patients were experiencing unexpected side effects from the company’s sleep apnea drug. The company took the drug off the Market near the end of Year 1. During Year 2, the company was sued by 800 customers who had a severe allergic reaction to the company’s drug and required hospitalization. At the end of Year 2, the company’s attorneys estimated a 62% chance the company would need to make payments in the range of $2,500 to $7,000 to settle each claim, with all amounts in that range being equally likely. At the end of Year 3, while none of the cases had been resolved, the company’s attorney now estimated an 80% probability the company would be required to make payments in the range of $3,000 to $10,000 to settle each claim with all amounts in that range being equally likely. In Year 4, 400 claims were settled at a total cost of $2.5 million. Based on this experience, the company believes 30% of the remaining cases will be…
Recent research into the cost of various medical procedures has shown the impact of certain complications encountered in surgery on the total cost of a patient’s stay in the hospital. The researchers used regression analysis and found the following results: Total cost for patient = Constant, plus a × Length of stay (measured in days), plus b × Presence of one or more complications (= 1 if true, 0 if false), plus c × Use of a laparoscope (= 1 if true, 0 if false) where a, b, c are coefficients of the regression model. The laparoscope is an instrument somewhat like a miniature telescope with a fiber-optic system that brings light into the abdomen. It is about as big around as a fountain pen and twice as long. The research, based on 63 patients, showed the following regression results: R-squared: 56% Constant term: $3,158 Coefficients and t-values for independent variables: Length of Stay Complications Laparoscope Coefficient $ 887 $ 1,912 $ 928 t-value 7.51 5.30…
Recent research into the cost of various medical procedures has shown the impact of certain complications encountered in surgery on the total cost of a patient's stay in the hospital. The researchers used regression analysis and found the following results: Total cost for patient = Constant, plus ax Length of stay (measured in days), plus bx Presence of one or more complications (= 1 if true, O if false), plus cx Use of a laparoscope (= 1 if true, 0 if false) where a, b, c are coefficients of the regression model. The laparoscope is an instrument somewhat like a miniature telescope with a fiber-optic system that brings light into the abdomen. It is about as big around as a fountain pen and twice as long. The research, based on 52 patients, showed the following regression results: R-squared: 59% Constant term: $3,402 Coefficients and t-values for independent variables: Coefficient t-value Length of Stay $ 860 11.19 Complications $ 1,867 4.73 Laparoscope $ 915 3.49 Required: 1. What is…
The state department of health (DOH) is considering implementing several performance measures. In a meeting with the central budget office, DOH officials are discussing their options and seeking advice on which measures to include. Identify the type of measure each statement represents and indicate whether you would recommend it be implemented or not, and why. (a) Number of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) shots given to 2-year-olds (b) Percentage of 2-year olds who are up to date on MMR vaccinations. (c) Number of smoking cessation classes (d) Number of teens attending smoking cessation classes (e) Number of workshop materials copied for classes (f) Percent of high school students who smoke two cigarettes or more per week. (g) Percent of state population diagnosed with lung cancer (h) Percent of class attendees who indicated satisfaction with the smoking cessation class