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#9
![A patient with type I diabetes is found in a coma. Blood glucose, urine glucose,
blood ketones, and urine ketones are all elevated; serum HCO3- is < 12 mEq/L.
Respirations are quick and deep with acetone breath. Blood pressure is 95/61 mm
Hg, and the pulse is weak and rapid (119 beats/min).What factor in this patient's
condition is the major cause of their low serum HCO3-?*
The patient has been excreting acidic urine.
The patient has been hyperventilating.
The patient has compensated for the low CO2.
It has been depleted to buffer ketoacids.
The patient tries to achieve a normal [HCO3-]/Pco2 ratio.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F348fa168-f735-4bce-9e23-01b35824ff9b%2F408ba860-f2d7-4bdd-baf5-cc202576bced%2F6iafdgj_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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- A patient with type I diabetes is found in a coma. Blood glucose, urine glucose, blood ketones, and urine ketones are all elevated; serum HCO3- is < 12 mEq/L. Respirations are quick and deep with acetone breath. Blood pressure is 95/61 mm Hg, and the pulse is weak and rapid (119 beats/min).What factor in this patient's condition is the major cause of their low serum HCO3-? * O The patient has been excreting acidic urine. O The patient has been hyperventilating. O The patient has compensated for the low cO2. O it has been depleted to buffer ketoacids. O The patient tries to achieve a normal (HC03-1/Pco2 ratio.Normal Levels of Substances in the Arterial Blood: pH 7.40 + 0.05 pCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) 40 mm Hg pO2 (partial pressure of oxygen) 90 - 100 mm Hg Hemoglobin - O2 saturation 94 - 100 % [HCO3-] 24 meq / liter Vignette #1: A 21-year-old noncompliant female with a history of type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus was found in a coma. Her blood glucose was high, as well as her urine glucose, urine ketones, and serum ketones. Her serum bicarbonate was < 12 mEq/L. Her respiration was exaggerated, and her breath had an acetone odor. Her blood pressure was 90/60 and his pulse weak and rapid (120). 4. What is the acid-base status of this individual? 5. What are the causes of the dyspnea, hypotension, and tachycardia? 6. What type of treatment does this person need?CC was taken to hospital breathing but unresponsive after two days of heavy alcohol consumption and limited food intake. According to CC's past medical history they had a history of chronic alcohol addiction and fatty liver disease. Analysis of CC's serum glucose returned a value of < 20 mg/dL, indicating severe hypoglycemia. The attending physician prescribed a bolus of D-glucose to help re-establish CC's blood glucose to within normal bounds. Analysis of the CC's serum electrolytes and PaCCh was suggestive of metabolic acidosis. Analysis of CC's blood suggested metabolic acidosis. In CC's case, what can cause metabolic acidosis?
- CC was taken to hospital breathing but unresponsive after two days of heavy alcohol consumption and limited food intake. According to CC's past medical history they had a history of chronic alcohol addiction and fatty liver disease. Analysis of CC's serum glucose returned a value of < 20 mg/dL, indicating severe hypoglycemia. The attending physician prescribed a bolus of D-glucose to help re-establish CC's blood glucose to within normal bounds. Analysis of the CC's serum electrolytes and PaCO2 was suggestive of metabolic acidosis. Q1: Which of the following metabolites may be used to produce blood glucose during prolonged fasting?What complication(s) is/are not commonly seen in patients with Type 2 Diabetes? (Select all that apply) Glomerular damage O Neuropathies O Ketotic Hyperosmolar states O Metabolic AcidosisWhich of the following fasting blood glucose results would be considered normal? 76 mg/dl 126 mg/dl 54 mg/dl 102 mg/dl
- Can any of these urine tests definitively diagnose diabetes? Why or why not? If not, why would a doctor even order a urinalysis? Explain in your own words, do not copy and paste from google. test are: Tests Leukocytes Nitrite Urobilinogen Protein pH Blood Specific G. Ketone Bilirubin GlucoseA person is suspected with diabetes mellitus. He checks his blood glucose level by gluceose oxidase method. After the experiment, OD of his blood sample was obtained as 0.08. Based on the glucose standard curve seen in the virtual lab, calculate his blood glucose level. Is he had diabetes mellitus? (Note: Normal blood glucose level in our body is 70-110mg/dl).john is passing lots of urine and thirsty and recovering from a flu and has no energy to play sports.GP checks his blood glucose which is 15.8 and ketones 2.5 Part 1 identify what type of diabetes is consistent with john's sympyoms and clinical features.Explain your rationale and the investigations and clinical assessments that should be performed to confirm the diagnosis and type of diabetes for him including when how and why these are perfomed. Part2 Describe the pathophysiology of diabetes in relation to the clinical presentation of john's diabetes.Explain the metabolic abnormalities observed in johns case study in contrast to normal carbohydrate fat and protein metabolism.
- Can you explain why this statement is incorrect or correct? A person with central diabetes insipidus (CDI) can be effectively managed by administering vasopressin as an oral pill.Which of the following medications should be used to stabilize arterial blood pressure in a patient with diabetes and lactic acidosis coma?A. PhenylephrineB. AdrenalinC. GlucagonD. HydrocortisoneE. CordiaminumThe hormones insulin and glucagon play an important role in the regulation of plasma glucose. b) People with Type II diabetes mellitus can manage their condition (maintain adequate glycaemic control) through use of oral hypoglycaemic drugs. Provide a rationale for how two hypoglycaemic drugs, with different mechanisms of action, can both work to lower blood glucose levels in Type II diabetes.
