7. Problems and Applications Q7 A case study in the chapter describes a phone conversation between the presidents of American Airlines and Braniff Airways. Let's analyze the game between the two companies. Suppose that each company can charge either a high price for tickets or a low price. If one company charges $300, it earns low profits if the other company also charges $300, and high profits if the other company charges $600. On the other hand, if the company charges $600, it earns very low profits if the other company charges $300 and medium profits if the other company also charges $600. Complete the following decision box for this game. American's Decision High Price Low Price The Nash equilibrium outcome in this game is for American to set a O True High Price O False Braniff's Decision Low Price True or False: Consumers would lose if the two airlines collude to earn higher profits than those given by the Nash equilibrium. price and for Braniff to set a

7. Problems and Applications Q7 A case study in the chapter describes a phone conversation between the presidents of American Airlines and Braniff Airways. Let's analyze the game between the two companies. Suppose that each company can charge either a high price for tickets or a low price. If one company charges $300, it earns low profits if the other company also charges $300, and high profits if the other company charges $600. On the other hand, if the company charges $600, it earns very low profits if the other company charges $300 and medium profits if the other company also charges $600. Complete the following decision box for this game. American's Decision High Price Low Price The Nash equilibrium outcome in this game is for American to set a O True High Price O False Braniff's Decision Low Price True or False: Consumers would lose if the two airlines collude to earn higher profits than those given by the Nash equilibrium. price and for Braniff to set a

Microeconomics A Contemporary Intro

10th Edition

ISBN:9781285635101

Author:MCEACHERN

Publisher:MCEACHERN

Chapter10: Monopolistic Competition And Oligopoly

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13PAE

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A case study in the chapter describes a phone conversation between the presidents of American Airlines and Braniff Airways. Let's analyze the game between the two companies. Suppose that each company can charge either a high price for tickets or a low price. If one company charges $300, it cams low profit if the other company also charges $300 and high profit if the other company charges $600. On the other hand, if the company charges $600, it cams very low profit if the other company charges $300 and medium profit if the other company also charges $600. a. Draw the decision box for this game. b. What is the Nash equilibrium in this game? Explain. c. Is there an outcome that would be better than the Nash equilibrium for both airlines? How could it be achieved? Who would lose if it were achieved?
29. What is another name for a simultaneous-move game of incomplete information? a. Dynamic Game of Complete Information b. Static Game of Complete Information c. Dynamic Bayesian Game d. Static Bayesian Game
A case study in the chapter describes a phoneconversation between the presidents of AmericanAirlines and Braniff Airways. Let’s analyze thegame between the two companies. Suppose thateach company can charge either a high price fortickets or a low price. If one company charges $300,it earns low profit if the other company also charges$300 and high profit if the other company charges$600. On the other hand, if the company charges $600,it earns very low profit if the other company charges$300 and medium profit if the other company alsocharges $600.a. Draw the payoff matrix for this game.b. What is the Nash equilibrium in this game?Explain.c. Is there an outcome that would be better than theNash equilibrium for both airlines? How could itbe achieved? Who would lose if it were achieved?
Economics Suppose that Russell Wilson is negotiating a contract with the Seattle Seahawks. Wilson has an offer from the Las Vegas Raiders for $30 million a year. If he signs with the Seahawks, they will earn $60 million in revenue from the signing. The Seahawks next best option is to sign Josh Allen. They would earn $45 million from signing Allen and would pay him a contract of $25 million. Russell Wilson and the Seahawks have equal bargaining power in the sense that they will split the surplus evenly. a) What is the negotiated salary between Wilson and the Seahawks under Nash Bargaining? What is Wilson's surplus and what is Seahawks surplus? b) Suppose that the Seahawks know about an injury to Josh Allen, such that they would only earn $30 million in revenue from signing Allen but would only have to pay him a contract of $20 million. What is the new negotiated salary between Wilson and the Seahawks under Nash Bargaining? What is Wilson's surplus and what is Seahawks surplus?
5. The following problem was first considered by John von Neumann and is a fundamentalresult game theory.A and B play the following game:A writes down either number 1 or number 2, and B must guess which one.If the number that A has written down is i and B has guessed correctly, B receives i units from A.If B makes a wrong guess, B pays 4/5 of a unit to A.First we consider the expected gain of player B.Suppose B guesses 1 with probability p and 2 with probability 1 −p.Let X1 denote B’s gain (or loss) in a game where A has written down 1.Let X2 denote B’s gain (or loss) in a game where A has written down 2.(a) Find the pmf of X1 and X2(b) Find B’s expected gain for these two cases, E[X1] and E[X2].(c) What value of p maximizes the minimum possible value of B’s expected gain?Now consider the expected loss of player ASuppose that A writes down 1 with probability q and 2 with probability 1 −q.Let Y1 be A’s loss (or gain) if B chooses number 1.Let Y2 be A’s loss (or gain) if B…
...is one of the terms of pay off and risks in Game theory. Select one: a. Low profit b. High profit c. Low price d. Current price
10. Game theory
4. Boeing and Airbus, change in profits ($m) from the development of a super jumbo jet.AirbusDevelop Do not developBoeing Develop -50, -50 -30, 80Do not develop 80, -30 0, 0a) Identify the key assumption of Game theoryb) What important lesson does game theory reveal about coordination inan oligopoly market?c) In the game above, what is the Nash equilibrium?
4. Game theory: An example of the prisoner's dilemma in the real world is when two competitors are battling it out in the marketplace. Often, many sectors of the economy have two main rivals. There can be rivalry such as between du and Etisalat in Telecommunications services, Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola in soft drinks. Suppose du plans to cut its price. Etisalat will likely follow suit to retain its market share. This may end up with low profits for both companies. A price drop by either company may thus be construed as defecting since it breaks an implicit agreement to keep prices high and maximize profits. Thus, if du drops its price but Etisalat continues to keep prices high, du is defecting, while Etisalat is cooperating (by sticking to the spirit of the implicit agreement). In this scenario, du may win market share and earn incremental profits by selling more. Assume that the incremental profits that accrue to du and Etisalat are as follows: o If both keep prices high (Cooperate),…
1. Define Dominant Strategy and Dominant equilibrium in Game theory? 2. Do we depict the equilibrium of a game in pay-offs or strategies in Game theory?
1. Suppose the following prisoner's dilemma is played twice with the payoff for the entire game being the sum of the payoffs from the two stages. Assume there is no discounting. Player 1 B Player 2 B 2,6 3,3 A 5,5 6,2 a. What is the Nash equilibrium for stage two? b. Show what the game in stage 1 amounts to when the players anticipate the Nash equilibrium for stage 2. c. Provide the subgame-perfect outcome for this game.