59. Bond Strength I. Cyclobutane II. Cyclopentane 60. Optical Rotation I. 70% R, 30% S 11.30% R, 70% S 61. Which of the following is/ are alternant aromatic compounds? A. benzene B. naphthalene C. anthracene D. all of the given choices 62. Which of the following is/ are not aromatic? A. Cyclobutadiene B. Cyclopentadiene C. Cyclohexadiene D. All of the given choices 63. The following can exhibit tautomerism EXCEPT: A. benzaldehyde B. ethanal C. Cyclohexane carbaldehyde D. Cyclohexanone 64. Which of the following substituents exhibits both - inductive effect and - Resonance effect when attached to the benzene ring? A. -OH B. -CI D. -NO2 D.-CH3 65. Alkyl groups if attached to halogen (example: tert-butyl bromide) would exhibit A. negative inductive effect B. positive inductive effect C. negative resonance effect D. positive resonance effect. 9
Reactive Intermediates
In chemistry, reactive intermediates are termed as short-lived, highly reactive atoms with high energy. They rapidly transform into stable particles during a chemical reaction. In specific cases, by means of matrix isolation and at low-temperature reactive intermediates can be isolated.
Hydride Shift
A hydride shift is a rearrangement of a hydrogen atom in a carbocation that occurs to make the molecule more stable. In organic chemistry, rearrangement of the carbocation is very easily seen. This rearrangement can be because of the movement of a carbocation to attain stability in the compound. Such structural reorganization movement is called a shift within molecules. After the shifting of carbocation over the different carbon then they form structural isomers of the previous existing molecule.
Vinylic Carbocation
A carbocation where the positive charge is on the alkene carbon is known as the vinyl carbocation or vinyl cation. The empirical formula for vinyl cation is C2H3+. In the vinyl carbocation, the positive charge is on the carbon atom with the double bond therefore it is sp hybridized. It is known to be a part of various reactions, for example, electrophilic addition of alkynes and solvolysis as well. It plays the role of a reactive intermediate in these reactions.
Cycloheptatrienyl Cation
It is an aromatic carbocation having a general formula, [C7 H7]+. It is also known as the aromatic tropylium ion. Its name is derived from the molecule tropine, which is a seven membered carbon atom ring. Cycloheptatriene or tropylidene was first synthesized from tropine.
Stability of Vinyl Carbocation
Carbocations are positively charged carbon atoms. It is also known as a carbonium ion.
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