4. The following questions pertain to a 2.2 M solution of hydrocyanic acid, HCN at 25 °C. pKa = 9.21 at 25°C a. Is HCN a strong or weak acid? b. Write the net ionic equation C. Create an ice table d. Write the equilibrium expression e. Solve for Ka f. Calculate the PH of the solution

4. The following questions pertain to a 2.2 M solution of hydrocyanic acid, HCN at 25 °C. pKa = 9.21 at 25°C a. Is HCN a strong or weak acid? b. Write the net ionic equation C. Create an ice table d. Write the equilibrium expression e. Solve for Ka f. Calculate the PH of the solution

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781305079243

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Chapter13: Acids And Bases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 153AE

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Strong Acids, Weak Acids, and pH Two 0.10-mol samples of the hypothetical monoprotic acids HA(aq) and HB(aq) are used to prepare 1.0-L stock solutions of each acid. a Write the chemical reactions for these acids in water. What are the concentrations of the two acid solutions? b One of these acids is a strong acid, and one is weak. What could you measure that would tell you which acid was strong and which was weak? c Say that the HA(aq) solution has a pH of 3.7. Is this the stronger of the two acids? How did you arrive at your answer? d What is the concentration of A(aq) in the HA solution described in part c? e If HB(aq) is a strong acid, what is the hydronium-ion concentration? f In the solution of HB(aq), which of the following would you expect to be in the greatest concentration: H3O+(aq), B(aq), HB(aq), or OH(aq)? How did you decide? g In the solution of HA(aq), which of the following would you expect to be in the greatest concentration: H3O+(aq), A+(aq), HA(aq), or OH(aq)? How did you decide? h Say you add 1.0 L of pure water to a solution of HB. Would this water addition make the solution more acidic, make it less acidic, or not change the acidity of the original solution? Be sure to fully justify your answer. i You prepare a 1.0-L solution of HA. You then take a 200-mL sample of this solution and place it into a separate container. Would this 200 mL sample be more acidic, be less acidic, or have the same acidity as the original 1.0-L solution of HA(aq)? Be sure to support your answer.
. The concepts of acid-base equilibria were developed in this chapter for aqueous solutions (in aqueous solutions, water is the solvent and is intimately involved in the equilibria). However, the Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory can be extended easily to other solvents. One such solvent that has been investigated in depth is liquid ammonia. NH3. a. Write a chemical equation indicating how HCl behaves as an acid in liquid ammonia. b. Write a chemical equation indicating how OH- behaves as a base in liquid ammonia.
What is a salt? List some anions that behave as weak bases in water. List some anions that have no basic properties in water. List some cations that behave as weak acids in water. List some cations that have no acidic properties in water. Using these lists, give some formulas for salts that have only weak base properties in water. What strategy would you use to solve for the pH of these basic salt solutions? Identify some salts that have only weak acid properties in water. What strategy would you use to solve for the pH of these acidic salt solutions? Identify some salts that have no acidic or basic properties in water (produce neutral solutions). When a salt contains both a weak acid ion and a weak base ion, how do you predict whether the solution pH is acidic, basic, or neutral?
Use the same symbols as in Question 61 ( = anion, =OH) for the box below. (a) Fill in a similar box (representing one liter of the same solution) after 2 mol of H+ (2) have been added. Indicate whether the resulting solution is an acid, base, or buffer. (b) Follow the directions of part (a) for the resulting solution after 2 mol of OH- (2 ) have been added. (c) Follow the directions of part (a) for the resulting solution after 5 mol of OH- (5 ) have been added. (Hint: Write the equation for the reaction before you draw the results.)
Write the reaction and the corresponding Kb equilibrium expression for each of the following substances acting as bases in water. a. aniline, C6H5NH2 b. dimethylamine, (CH3)2NH
Each box represents an acid solution at equilibrium. Squares represent H+ ions. Circles represent anions. (Although the anions have different identities in each figure, they are all represented as circles.) Water molecules are not shown. Assume that all solutions have the same volume. (a) Which figure represents the strongest acid? (b) Which figure represents the acid with the smallest Ka? (c) Which figure represents the acid with the lowest pH?
An aqueous solution contains formic acid and formate ion. Determine the direction in which the pH will change if each of the following chemicals is added to the solution. (a) HCl (b) NaHSO4 (c) CH3COONa (d) KBr (e) H2O
. What is meant by the iou-product constant for water, KW? What does this constant signify? Write an equation for the chemical reaction from which the constant is derived.
Hydrazine, N2H4, is weak base with Kb = 1.3 106. Fill in the iCe table and write the equation needed to solve for the concentration of hydroxide ion in a 0.10 M solution.
. Strong buses are bases that completely ionize in water to produce hydroxide ion, OH-. The strong bases include the hydroxides of the Group I elements. For example, if 1.0 mole of NaOH is dissolved per liter, the concentration of OH ion is 1.0 M. Calculate the [OH-], pOH, and pH for each of the following strong base solutions. a. 1.10 M NaOH b. 2.0104M KOH c. 6.2103M CsOH d. 0.0001 M NaOH
Each of the following statements concerns a 0.10 M solution of a weak organic base, B. Briefly describe why each statement is either true or false. a [B] is approximately equal to 0.10 M. b [B] is much greater than [HB+]. c [H3O+] is greater than [HB+]. d The pH is 13. e [HB+] is approximately equal to [OH]. f [OH] equals 0.10 M.
Table 13-4 lists the stepwise Ka values for some polyprotic acids. What is the difference between a monoprotic acid, a diprotic acid, and a triprotic acid? Most polyprotic acids are weak acids; the major exception is H2SO4. To solve for the pH of a solution of H2SO4, you must generally solve a strong acid problem as well as a weak acid problem. Explain. Write out the reactions that refer to Ka1 and Ka2 for H2SO4. For H3PO4, Ka1 = 7.5 103, Ka2 = 6.2 108, and Ka3= 4.8 1013. Write out the reactions that refer to the Ka1, Ka2and Ka3equilibrium constants. What are the three acids in a solution of H3PO4? Which acid is strongest? What are the three conjugate bases in a solution of H3PO4? Which conjugate base is strongest? Summarize the strategy for calculating the pH of a polyprotic acid in water.

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