2. Assume that equilibrium GDP (Y) is 18,000. Consumption (C) is given by the equation C = 300+0.8(Y-T). Taxes (T) are equal to 2500. Government spending is equal to 3000. Investment is given by the equation I = 5000-400r, where r is the real interest rate in percent. What is the equilibrium real interest rate? [Show your steps]
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GDP is gross domestic product.
GDP is the sum of consumption, investment, government spending and net export.
At equilibrium,
Y = C + I + G + NX
C is consumption
I is investment
G is government spending
NX is net export.
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Question 32 $75 150 225 Investment (5) O $150 Ⓒ$225 O $50 Price Level O $100 H Refer to the graphs, in which the numbers in parentheses near the AD₁, AD2, and AD3 labels indicate the levels of investment spending associated with each curve. All figures are in billions. What is the desired level of investment spending in this economy if it is to achieve a noninflationary, full- employment level of real GDP? Investment Demand Q₁ Real GDP $50 100 150 Investment (5) AD, ($150) AD, ($100) AD, (550) 1p(27) What are the effects of capital destruction on other macro variables, including con- sumption (C), saving (S), investment (I), net exports (NX), loanable funds (L), real balance (m= M/P), real interest rate (r), nominal interest rate (R), real rental (rk), and nominal rental (R)? Please "circle" the effects on these variables on a table of the following form for the short run and the long run separately. macro variable consumption (C) saving (S) investment (I) net exports (NX) loanable funds (L) real balance (m= M/P) real interest rate (r) nominal interest rate (R) real rental (r) nominal rental (R₂) (a) (b) (c) (d) rise fall constant ambiguous ambiguous rise fall constant rise fall constant rise fall constant rise fall constant rise fall constant rise fall constant rise fall constant rise fall constant ambiguous rise fall constant ambiguous ambiguous ambiguous ambiguous ambiguous ambiguous ambiguous your answerAssume that GDP (Y ) is 5,000 in a closed economy. Consumption (C) is given by the equationC = 1,200 + 0.6(Y −T)−100r, where r is the real interest rate, in percent. Investment (I) is givenby the equation I = 2,000 − 200r. Taxes (T) are 1,000, and government spending (G) is 1,500.(a) What are the equilibrium values of C, I, and r? (b) What are the values of private saving, public saving, and national saving? (c) For the given consumption function, what does the relationship between consumption and theinterest rate imply about the saving schedule?
- 9. Determine whether the following statement is correct or wrong: (a) "In 1933 net private domestic investment was minus $6 billion. This means that in that particular year the economy produced no capital goods at all." (Correct, Incorrect ). (b) “Though net investment can be positive, negative, or zero, it is quite impossible for gross investment to be less than zero." (Correct, Incorrect ).8. The income-expenditure model Consider a small economy that is closed to trade, so its net exports are equal to zero. Suppose that the economy has the following consumption function, where C is consumption, Y is real GDP, I is investment, G is government purchases, and T stands for net taxes: C = 15+0.75 x (Y-T) Suppose G = $90 billion, 1 = $60 billion, and T = $20 billion. Given the consumption function and the fact that for a closed economy total expenditure can be calculated as Y=C+I+G, the equilibrium output level is equal to 5 billion. Suppose the government purchases are increased by $50 billion. The new equilibrium level of output will be equal to Based on the effect of the change in government purchases on equilibrium output, you can tell that this economy's spending multiplier is equal toEconomics a) Discuss the determinants of aggregate consumption and aggregate investment. Base onhistorical Australian data, which tends to fluctuate more – investment or consumption? You must also answer why it does this, Data must be sourced. (500 Word count) b) Suppose bad economic stats led investors to be more negative about futureprospects on earnings on investment projects. With the help of diagrams, review theimpact of this change on aggregate consumption and income. Word limit 600
- 4. The foreign sector is added to the Keynesian national income model and there is a positive marginal propensity to import. X is the export and Z (in capital letter) is the import and C (in capital letter) is the consumption. Y = C+1+G+ (X – Z) C = c+ bY Z = z + mY Find: (i) The equilibrium level of income, consumption and import (ii) Specify the ranges of b and m and give the economics interpretations (iii) Identify the endogenous and exogenous variables from the model1.8. Suppose that investment as a fraction of output in the United States rises permanently from 0.15 to 0.18. Assume that capital's share is 3. (a) By about how much does output eventually rise relative to what it would have been without the rise in investment? (b) By about how much does consumption rise relative to what it would have been without the rise in investment? (c) What is the immediate effect of the rise in investment on consumption? About how long does it take for consumption to return to what it would have been without the rise in investment?1. Complete the accompanying table with disposable income (DI) and consumption (C) schedules for a private, closed economy. All figures are in billions of dollars. DI Consumption Saving АРС APS MPC MPS 8. 40 40 80 72 120 104 160 136 200 168 240 200 (a) Refer to the above data. If plotted on a graph, the slope of the consumption schedule would be: (b) The break-even level of income is ($ ) where saving equals ( $ :). Households dissave ( $ ). Dissaving occurs at the lowest levels of income as households spend ( more, less ) than they receive in disposable income. This dissaving could occur with households liquidating (selling for cash) their assets or borrowing money. As income rises we see that savings ( increases, decreases ) by a greater and greater amount. (c) If consumption increases by $10 billion at each level of disposable income, the average propensity to consume (APC) will ( change, unchange) and/but the marginal propensity to consume (MPC)will ( change, not change). (d) (APC,…
- 5. Suppose the value of corn a household produces is the equivalent of 60 percent of its income and the value of the corn it consumes is the equivalent of 30 percent of its consumption expenditure. Household also earns 30% of their income from selling their family labor and does not purchase any labor. If the price of corn decreases by 40 percent and wage rate increases by 20 percent, calculate: a. Net rice sales as fraction of total consumption expenditure? b. Percentage effect on real purchasing power?Suppose Ford produced 10,000 Mustangs in the United States in 2016 and during 2016 sold 7,000 to U.S. customers and exported 2,000 to foreign buyers. How many Mustangs would the BEA count as investment spending by Ford in 2016? A) 10,000 B) 9,000 C) 7,000 D) 1,000 Only typed Answer5. Consider the following is the economy of Country Z: C = 200 + 0.85Y I = 100 Answer the following questions: (a) Calculate the equilibrium level of output algebraically using the saving-investment (S-I) approach. (b) What is the value of saving at the equilibrium output from part (a)? (c) Suppose the investment increases to 200. What is the new equilibrium level of output? Calculate the value using the multiplier approach.