12. The fitness for a particular species of bats is determined by a single gene locus with two segregating alleles, (E) and (e), that determines echo-location ability. The dominant allele E causes normal echo-location, whereas the recessive allele e impairs echo-location ability. You are studying a large population and determine initial frequencies of the E and e alleles to be 0.7 (p) and 0.3 (q), respectively. Assume genotypes are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Given the following average offspring numbers, determine the effects of natural selection on the allele frequencies after one generation (what are the new frequencies of p and q?). Genotype Average # Offspring EE 10 Ee 10 ee

12. The fitness for a particular species of bats is determined by a single gene locus with two segregating alleles, (E) and (e), that determines echo-location ability. The dominant allele E causes normal echo-location, whereas the recessive allele e impairs echo-location ability. You are studying a large population and determine initial frequencies of the E and e alleles to be 0.7 (p) and 0.3 (q), respectively. Assume genotypes are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Given the following average offspring numbers, determine the effects of natural selection on the allele frequencies after one generation (what are the new frequencies of p and q?). Genotype Average # Offspring EE 10 Ee 10 ee

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter19: Evolutionary Change In Populations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3TYU: The MN blood group is of interest to population geneticists because (a) people with genotype MN...

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The MN blood group is of interest to population geneticists because (a) people with genotype MN cannot receive blood transfusions from either MM or NN people (b) the MM, MN, and NN genotype frequencies can be observed directly and compared with calculated expected frequencies (c) the M allele is dominant to the N allele (d) people with the MN genotype exhibit frequency-dependent selection (e) people with the MN genotype exhibit heterozygote advantage
You observe some bark beetles with different feeding behaviors. You find that the behavioral phenotypes you observed are closely associated with the following genotypes. genotype phenotype number observed BB feeds under bark 60 Bb feeds on top of bark 24 bb feeds on leaves 16 a) What are the allele frequencies and the expected number (out of 100 beetles) of genotypes? b) Calculate the Chi-Squared value (c2). Then look up the p-value only using this Chi-squared calculator: https://www.mathsisfun.com/data//chi-square-calculator.html Clear all the values in the box at upper right, enter the Chi Square value that you obtain FROM YOUR CALCULATIONS in the Chi-Square box, and enter 1 for the degrees of freedom. Is the population in H-W equilibrium? c) If you answered “No” to b): Provide at least three biologically valid reasons why the observed beetle population may not be in equilibrium. If you answered “Yes” to b): Why do you think this…
You observe some bark beetles with different feeding behaviors. You find that the behavioral phenotypes you observed are closely associated with the following genotypes. genotype phenotype number observed BB feeds under bark 60 Bb feeds on top of bark 24 bb feeds on leaves 16 a) What are the allele frequencies and the expected number (out of 100 beetles) of genotypes? b) Calculate the Chi-Squared value (c2). Then look up the p-value using this Chi-squared calculator: https://www.mathsisfun.com/data//chi-square-calculator.html Enter “1” for Degrees of Freedom. (There are 3 genotype categories, but only 1 DF because they are not fully independent—calculated from just 2 allele frequencies). The p-value is the probability that you would see the deviance you observed by chance, assuming the null hypothesis is true). Report both values. Is the population in H-W equilibrium? c) If you answered “No” to b): Provide at least three biologically…
. The inability to taste phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is due to a recessive allele and is inherited autosomally. If this particular trait in a population involves only two alleles in a dominant/recessive relationship (namely, taster, T; and nontaster, t) and that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Calculate the frequency of allele T if the phenotypic frequency of individuals who can taste PTC is approximately 0.7 (Give your answer in decimal number with 2 decimal places).
1. Calculate the genotype frequencies of a population of flowers where the frequency of the CR allele is 0.8 and the CW is 0.2. There is incomplete dominance, and the population is in equilibrium. Do you understand how to calculate the following answers? CRCR 0.64 CRCW = 0.32 CWCW=0.04 total = 1.00 = ninige bas amm di mislqx
9. 8. The two histograms represent the frequency distribution for the two different types of variation. Q R 10. A B Which of the statements, A to D, about characteristic Q is correct? с D controlled by many genes and unaffected by the environment number of organisms controlled by one or two genes and unaffected by the environment controlled by many genes and influenced by the environment Your answer controlled by one or two genes and influenced by the environment A. B. W characteristic C. What evidence is given in the pedigree chart below to establish that the condition is caused by a dominant allele? D. number of organisms Two unaffected parents have unaffected children. Two affected parents have affected children. An affected parent and an unaffected parent have affected children. Two affected parents have an unaffected child. A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% characteristic In fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) grey body is dominant to black body and normal wings are dominant to vestigial…
1. The ability to taste the compound PTC is controlled by a dominant allele T, while individuals homozygous for the recessive allele (t) cannot taste PTC. In a population consisting of 500 individuals, 347 are tasters and 153 are non-PTC tasters. Calculate the frequency of the T and t alleles in this population, and frequency of the genotypes.(Please train yourself to use the Hardy-Weinberg equation.)To present your answers, follow the format in the picture below.
18. Would you expect to see a greater Aq from one genera- tion to the next in a population with an allele frequency (q) of 0.2 or in a population with an allele frequency of 0.02? Assume relative fitness is the same in both popu- lations and that the equilibrium frequency for q is 0.01.
1. (a) The proportion of individuals in a population with a specific genotype allele frequency genotype frequency gene pool relative fitness (b) Measures the comparative contribution of each parental genotype to the pool of offspring genotypes in each generation allele frequency genotype frequency gene pool relative fitness
1)You measure the effects of a single allele (A2) on fitness in two populations of the same plant species, Population X and Population Y. Population X lives at higher altitudes. The average excess of fitness of the A2 allele (aA2) in Population X is 1.21, and the average fitness of the population (w) is 1.0. Population Y lives at a lower altitude. The average excess of fitness of the A2 allele (aA2) in Population Y is -1.68 and the average fitness of the population (w) is 1.0 a) Which population is likely to experience faster evolution? Why? b) What do you predict will happen to the frequency of the A2 allele (pA2) in population X? c) What do you predict will happen to the frequency of the A2 allele (pA2) in population Y? d) Why do you think the average excess of fitness of the A2 allele is different in these two populations?
24. In a toad population, green toads produce 4 offspring over their lifetime, brown toads produce 2.5 offspring, and gray toads produce 6 offspring. What are the relative fitnesses of these phenotypes (in the order green, brown, gray)? Group of answer choices 1, 0.42, 0.67 0.33, 1, 0.67 0.67, 0.42, 1 0.67, 0.33, 1 1, 0.33, 0.67
Among a particular population of 100 plants, red flowers are dominant and yellow flowers are recessive. F is the dominant allele and f is the recessive allele. 40 plants are homozygous dominant • 44 plants are heterozygous 16 plants are homozygous recessive Use the Hardy-Weinberg equation to calculate the equilibrium frequencies of each genotype