10. Based on the following phylogenetic tree, which of the following conclusionsare "NOT correct? Each letter represents a hypothetical species.C:=:A) A and E share a common ancestorB) B is one of A's ancestorsC) E and D are more closely related to each other than to CD) C is more closely related to E than to BE) A and B are closely related

Phylogenetic tree is defined as the diagrammatic representation of evolutionary relationships among…

10. Based on the following phylogenetic tree, which of the following conclusions are "NOT correct? Each letter represents a hypothetical species. C: C: A) A and E share a common ancestor B) B is one of A's ancestors C) E and D are more closely related to each other than to C D) C is more closely related to E than to B E) A and B are closely related

10. Based on the following phylogenetic tree, which of the following conclusions are "NOT correct? Each letter represents a hypothetical species. C: C: A) A and E share a common ancestor B) B is one of A's ancestors C) E and D are more closely related to each other than to C D) C is more closely related to E than to B E) A and B are closely related

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter24: Systematics And Phylogenetics: Revealing The Tree Of Life

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12TYK

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Which statement is usually true about phylogenetic trees? a) nodes represent points when traits have evolved b) branch tips that are next to each other are more closely related c) the branching pattern describes the hypothesized evolutionary relationships between the taxa d) the order of the branch tips (left to right) indicates which taxa are more advanced evolutionarily
1. a) What is a phylogenetic tree? b) What do the lines and branches in a phylogenetic tree represent?
4. In the phylogenetic tree shown in figure 1, a) identify the last common ancestor. Hint: you can mark or circle directly on the tree. b) Identify the outgroup. Hint: you can mark or circle directly on the tree or writing it here. 100 Xanthomonas campestris 91 F14UCLA109ALEB30RO1 F14UCLA109ALEB30RO7 74 100 Enterobacter cloacae Streptomyces rishiriensis 100 F14UCLA109ALEB30M11 Flexibacter elegans F14UCLA109ALEB30M5 100 98 Chitinophaga ginsengisegetis Nitrososphaera viennensis Fig. 1: Phylogenetic tree of cultured bacterial isolates of Bambusa oldahamii (a species of bamboo tree) based on 16S FRNA gene. Angeles et al., UCLA, 2015. c) Consider Enterobacter cloacae, Chtitinophaga ginsengisegetis, F14U- CLA109ALEB30M5 and F14UCLA109ALEB30M11. Enterobacter cloacae is more closely related to (Circle/Mark one or write it) A) Chtitinophaga ginsengisegetis B) F14UCLA109ALEB30M5 C) Equally related to both A and B D) F14UCLA 109ALEB30M11 E) Equally related to A, B, and D
Which of the following is FALSE regarding phylogenetic trees? 1) The branch lengths on the tree are scaled to molecular (DNA) changes and/or time. 2)Phylogenetic trees have shown us that there is much more bacterial diversity compared to eukaryotes. 3) Phylogenetic trees show the evolutionary relatedness of different organisms. 4). The branch lengths on the tree depict abiotic and biotic factors affecting speciation.
3. a) What is a phylogenetic tree and what information can we gain from studying it? b)What molecules did we explore in the laboratory to provides us with evidence of genetic evolution of fish?
19) Which of the following are evolutionarily most closely related? A) Kangaroo, toad, and snake are all equally related to each other B) Toad and kangaroo C) Kangaroo and snake D) Toad and snake Then explain wy the answer is correct and why the others are not.
Which of the following are true about outgroups? (multiple answers allowed) A) they help identify plesiomorphic traits in the pylogeny B) they are a taxa that is known to not be within the species group in questionC) They do not have any autapomorphic traits D)they are less evolved than the species of interest
On a phylogenetic tree, the length of branches is a.) The comparison of homologous DNA and RNA sequences provided by Woese. b.) The separation of living organisms into three domains c.) The point in evolution when, based on scientific evidence, an ancestor is thought to have diverged to form two new species. d.) Proportional to the time elapsed since the split.
7) Examine the image of the relatedness of vertebrates represented in this phylogenetic tree. Select all the statements that are supported by this tree. A) Gray whales are the common ancestor of the Blue and Humpback whales. B) Blue and humpback whales diverged more recently than either did from the gray whale. C) The Bryde's whale shares a more recent common ancestor with the Sei whale than with the Fin whale. D) The blue and the Bryde's whale have more traits in common with each other than with any other two species, E) Southern minke whales and Northern minke whales have more traits in common with each other than with any other species. Not Graded
12) Instead of 1 uniform definition, biologist use over 20 different definitions of "species". Why? A) Because scientists searching for life on other planets do not want to be restricted to the narrow definition that applies to earth based life forms B) Because historically biologist have argued over the correct definition of this term and therefore have split into seperate "camps" for different definitions C) Because life includes both sexual and asexually reproducing organisms D) Because life is so diverse that no single definition used so far can be uniformly applied in a meaningful way to all organisms
The number of possible trees resulting from phylogenetic analysis grows exponentially with the number taxa, such that in a 22 taxon analysis there are more possible unrooted trees than there are stars in the universe. A) True B) False C) It depends on the inference method and optimality criteria used. D) Number of taxa and number of unrooted tree possibilities are unrelated in phylogenetic analysis.
What is a Homology? A) When an anatomic feature is shared among organisms and their descendants B) When two organisms appear the same C) When convergent evolution produces similar phenotypes