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- Which of the following are structural features of the trachea? C-shaped cartilage smooth muscle fibers cilia all of the above1. What term best describes the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the interface between the systemic capillaries and the peripheral tissues? Group of answer choices Cellular respiration Ventilation Internal respiration External respiration 2. What is the reason why blood returning to the heart is deoxygenated? Group of answer choices Because the vena cavae soak oxygen out of the blood plasma Because the left and right lungs have used up its oxygen before supplying the blood back to the heart Because the oxygen is placed into hemoglobin and thus taken away from the blood Because the tissues of the body have used up most of the oxygen1. Describe how the heart as a muscle does its job of pumping blood. What happens if the cardiac muscle itself does not get enough blood? Using your knowledge of cardiac circulation, explain the flow of blood through the heart. 2. What would cause Aunt May's weakness and shortness of breath during her sudden attack? 3. What is the job of the coronary arteries? What happens to their ability to do their job if they become narrowed by fatty or mineralized deposits?
- 20. Discuss the process of blood circulation and oxygenation using the diagram below. (at least 150 words) 4. In pulmonary capillaries, blood loses CO, and gains O, 3. 5. Pulmonary trunk and pulmonary arteries Pulmonary veins (oxygenated blood) Pulmonary valve 2. 6. Right ventricle Left atrium Tricuspid valve Bicuspid valve 1. Right atrium 7. Left ventricle (deoxygenated blood) Aortic valve 10. Superior Inferior 8. Aorta and Coronary sinus systemic arteries vena vena cava cava 9. In systemic capillaries, blood loses O, and gains CO, (b) Diagram of blood flow6. List the types of changes that take place for the following characteristics, when going from the trachea to the alveoli. Characteristic Size of tube Change Thickness of wall Cartilage Smooth muscle Type of epithelium 7. Using the table below, list the muscles involved in breathing. Situation Muscle(s) involved Normal/quiet inhalation Normal/quiet exhalation Forced inhalation Forced exhalation B. Histology of the respiratory system nhotomicrographs of the tracheal wall: adventitia, cartilage,1. Can a pig survive if its respiratory surface becomes dry? Why or why not? 2. How are oxygen and carbon dioxide transported to and from all the internal organs in the pig? 3. Trace the flow of blood through the chambers of the heart. Indicate whether blood is oxygenated deoxygenated at each point of the pathway. Place the following structures in the correct order. Right ventricle Left ventricle Right atrium Left atrium Lungs Artery Body Vein
- The release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex is regulated by other hormones. Which of these hormones is correctly matched with its origin and function? O CRH-secreted by the anterior pituitary; stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol O ACTH-secreted by the hypothalamus; stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol O CRH-secreted by the hypothalamus; stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol O ACTH-secreted by the anterior pituitary; stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 431. Regarding veins: a. Where do veins carry blood? b. Is this blood generally oxygenated or deoxygenated? c. Does this rule have any exceptions? If yes, where? 2. Regarding arteries: a. Where do arteries carry blood? b. Is this blood generally oxygenated or deoxygenated? c. Does this rule have any exceptions? If yes, where? 3. Where does each atrium pump blood when it contracts? a. Right atrium: b. Left atrium: 4. Where does each ventricle pump blood when it contracts? a. Right ventricle: b. Left ventricle:1. Know the location, structure, and function of the organs that form the respiratory passageways including: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli 2. Which structure closes off the larynx when we swallow food or liquid? 3. What structural features of the trachea keep it from collapsing, but also allow it to expand and contract? 4. What structural changes occur in bronchi/bronchioles as the branch into the lungs? 5. What are the three types of cells found in alveoli and what are their functions? 6. Describe the structure and function of the pleurae and pleural fluid. 7. Differentiate between pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, gas transport, and internal respiration. 8. How do pressure differences drive pulmonary ventilation? 9. What causes intrapulmonary (intra alveolar) pressure to decrease during inspiration? 10. What causes negative pressure in the pleural cavity? 11. What happens to a lung if air enters the pleural cavity? What is this called?…
- 12. Which statement correctly describe the movement of the pulmonary circulation? A. pulmonary arteries carry oxygen-poor blood B. pulmonary veins carry blood toward the lung capillaries. C. blood returning to the left atrium of the heart is oxygen-poor. D. oxygen from the blood diffuses into the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs2. Most inspired particles such as dust fail to reach the lungs because of the a. ciliated mucous lining in the nose b. abundant blood supply to nasal mucosa c. porous structure of turbinate bones d. action of the epiglottis 3. The origin of the heart beat and its conduction is represented by what pathway? a. SAN - ĂVN - Bundle of His - Network of Purkinje fibers b. SAN - AVN – Network of Purkinje fibers - Bundles of His c. SAN – Bundle of His – AVN – Network of Purkinje fibers d. AVN – Bundle of His – SAN - Network of Purkinje fibers1. Why is nose breathing preferable to mouth breathing? 2. What is the specific protective function of the cilia in the trachea? 3. Which main bronchus is the most likely site for an inhaled object to become lodged? Why? 4. The lungs are mostly passageways and elastic tissue. What is the role of the passageways? Of the elastic tissue? 5. Which type of cellular transport moves respiratory gases between the blood and the body's cells? 6. What is cyanosis? 7. What chemical factor in blood normally provides the most powerful stimulus to breathe? Activ Go to