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- _06. Answer In discussing the cardiac cycle; all are correct except A. Diastole is also known as relaxation B. Systole is also contraction C. The EKG is a picture or graph of the electrical signal of the heart D. To be called normal sinus rhythm. Each QRS must be followed by a P wave.?1. Sue has a resting stroke volume of 72 ml/beat and an average resting heart rate of 70 beats/minute. What is her cardiac output (CO). Remember to include correct units in your answer. 2.Sue goes to the gym and after an initial warm-up, she increases her exercise level pushing herself to maximum. At this point her heart rate is 175 beats/min and her stroke volume is 135 ml/beat. What is her cardiac output now? 3 At this point, by how many ml/min has her CO increased over her resting CO? 4. What % increase over resting is this? (Use the following equation). amount of increase in CO in ml/min % increase = _______________________X 100% original CO (resting) ml/min 5. What term is used to describe this increase in CO?please answer all of the following questions 1.One of your patients in the nursing home says that when she gets out of bed in the morning she feels her heart racing. She also feels a bit light-headed. What is the cause of the light-headed feeling? Why does she detect an increase in her heart rate? 2. Two common types of medication used for hypertension are diuretics and beta-blockers. These drugs act in very different ways to lower blood pressure. Explain very briefly the mechanism of each. 3. Questions 3 & 4 are based on the following: Mr. Grimaldi has been diagnosed with a posterior pituitary tumor that is secreting excessive amounts of ADH. Would you expect this patient’s blood pressure to be chronically elevated or depressed? elevated depressed 4. Describe two ways in which the ADH is affecting his blood pressure. 5. Questions 5 & 6 are based on the following. Renal (kidney) disease in a young woman has resulted in…
- Can both of these questions be answered thank you 25. In case of fight or flight, ---------------------. A. Norepinephrine released from sympathetic neurons and epinephrine released from the adrenal medulla work on β1-adrenergic receptor of cardiac pacemaker cells B. Less Na+ and Ca2+ channels open in cardiac pacemaker cells C. There is a decrease in cardiac muscles contractility D. All of the above are correct E. None of the above are correct 26. Rest and digest will, ---------------------. A. Increases the heart rate B. Increases potassium conductance in the cardiac pacemaker cells C. Hypo polarize pacemaker cells D. All of the above are correct E. Only B and C are correct. Answer the following questions regarding the cardiac cycle. a. If your heart rate is 50bpm, how long is a single cardiac cycle? sec. b. For the AV valves to open, pressure in the ventricles must be than the pressure in the atria. c. For the aortic SL valve to open, pressure in the left ventricle must be than the pressure in the aorta. d. During atrial systole, the pressure in the ventricle is than the pressure in the atrium. e. For the AV valves to close, pressure in the ventricle must be than the pressure in the atria. f. For the aortic SL vale to close, pressure in the aorta must be than the pressure in the left ventricle.Match the following terms: _____occurs with predictable stress or exertion. 2._____occurs frequently with progressive severity unrelated to activity and is unpredictable regarding stress/exertion and intensity. _____occurs during rest. _____heart rates that are too slow. _____ heart rates that are too fast. a. Unstable (preinfarction) angina b. Classic (stable) angina c. Variant (Prinzmetal, vasospastic) angina d. Bradycardia e. Tachycardia
- Illuminate the Truth Stroke Volume Highlight the correct word in each of the following sentences. 1. (Preload)(Afterload) is the amount of tension, or stretch, in the ventricular muscle just before it contracts. 2. (Contractility)(Stroke volume) is the force with which ventricular ejection occurs. 3. Starling's law of the heart states that the more the ventricle is stretched-within limits-the (less)(more) forcefully it will contract. 4. The force against which the heart must work to eject its volume of blood is called the (cardiac output)(afterload). 5. Factors that affect contractility are called (chronotropic) (inotropic) agents. 6. Factors that affect heart rate are called (diastolic)(chronotropic) agents.1. Define myocardial infarction. Explain treatment and things you should now do. 2. Would you give a family member one of your kidneys? Friend? Stranger? Why or why not?v. Test your knowledge of the flow of blood through the heart by placing the following cardiac events in the proper order. The first step has been provided to get you started. Arrange the subsequent events by inserting the numbers 2 through 18 in the spaces provided. 1. Deoxygenated blood flows through the superior and inferior vena cava and into the right atrium. A. Blood fills the left atrium. _B. The right atrium contracts. _C. The pulmonary valve closes. D. Blood leaves the lungs via the pulmonary veins. E. The left atrium contracts. _F. The pulmonary valve opens. G. Blood flows into the aorta for distribution throughout the body. _H. The mitral valve closes. _I. The left ventricle contracts. J. The aortic valve opens. _K. The right ventricle contracts. L. The tricuspid valve opens. M. Blood is pumped into the right and left pulmonary arteries and into the lungs. N. Blood fills the left ventricle. O. The mitral valve opens. P. Blood flows into the right ventricle. Q. The tricuspid…
- Above is a link to a patient's story. The patient's name is Kepo Savou and he was diagnosed with heart failure at an early age. Many think that heart disease, especially heart failure is a condition of the elderly; however, many people have been diagnosed with this condition as young adults. 1. Discuss the pathophysiology of heart failure from the perspective of the following systems listed below. Cardiovascular Respiratory Neurological Renal 2. Based on your study of the condition of heart failure above; what symptoms did the patient have? 3. Why is the detection of this disease so difficult? What complications in this young man presented challenges in the recognition of heart failure? 4. If you were his nurse, what are the top 3 things you would tell him to focus on upon dischargeI. Factors affecting Blood Pressure. ) Characterize the following into. Shade the letter of your answer A Factors that B Factors that increase blood decrease blood pressure pressure 11. Decreased arterial diameter 16. Increased total vessel length 12. Increased vessel elasticity 17. Decreased plasma epinephrine 13. Decreased blood volume 18. Decreased plasma angiotensin 14. Increased stroke volume 19. Increased plasma ADH 15. Decreased blood viscosity 20. Increased parasympathetic stimulationIdentify the function of the following terms IN THE CARDIAC CELL. (1-2 sentences only). Please use a credible source when answering. 1. Sacromere 2. Sarcroplasmic Reticulum (SR) 3. I-type Ca channel (aka Dihydropyridine Receptors) 4. Ryanodine Receptors (RyR-2) for myocardial cells 5. SERCA 6. NCX 7. Na+ - K+ - ATPase Pump