. Which statement must be false? a) A firm with constant returns to scale in production will not have fixed costs. b) When a firm has increasing returns to scale, the upward sloping marginal cost curve lies above the average cost curve. c) All firms face diminishing returns to scale when they have a high output. d) When a firm produces the output which minimises average cost, marginal cost and average cost will be equal.

Microeconomics: Principles & Policy
14th Edition
ISBN:9781337794992
Author:William J. Baumol, Alan S. Blinder, John L. Solow
Publisher:William J. Baumol, Alan S. Blinder, John L. Solow
Chapter7: Production, Inputs, And Cost: Building Blocks For Supply Analysis
Section: Chapter Questions
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1. Which statement must be false?
a) A firm with constant returns to scale in production will not have fixed costs.
b) When a firm has increasing returns to scale, the upward sloping marginal cost curve lies above the average cost curve.
c) All firms face diminishing returns to scale when they have a high output.
d) When a firm produces the output which minimises average cost, marginal cost and average cost will be equal.

2. Which of the following statements about the relationship between marginal revenue, price, and the price elasticity of demand, is true?
a) A perfectly elastic demand curve will be vertical, showing that the firm sells a fixed output at all prices.
b) The more inelastic the demand curve, the flatter it will be where it meets the price (vertical) axis.
c) If the price elasticity of demand PED = -1 at all points on a demand curve, then the firm can choose any level of output, and earn the same revenue.
d) When a monopoly maximises its profits, demand for its output will be price inelastic.

3. Roots Wholefoods sells fruit and vegetables in a perfectly competitive market. Which of these statements about the decisions which it faces is false?
a) Roots will have many competitors, who are able to produce identical goods.
b) Customers are fully informed about the prices which all shops set, and so will buy from the shops setting the lowest price.
c) In the short run, Roots can make either profits or losses.
d) If Roots were to make losses (in the long run), it would not be possible for it simply to shut down and leave the market.

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