1. Define sampling. Why do researchers utilize sampling?
A. Sampling is a selection of a smaller percentage of individuals from within a larger population that is used to estimate the attitudes and characteristics of the whole population. Sampling saves time and money which is always a good thing, and allows for more manageable research. It may be almost impossible to identify every member of a population/group some may be too large, for example, if you were conducting a study on high school students as to whether they bring lunch to school or eat at the cafeteria, and this research was conducted for the entire state of Texas. Well, it would take an enormous amount of manpower and money to survey every single high school student in the state plus you would have other factors to consider as well. Then you would run into managing issues with such a large endeavor, so choosing a sample or small representation of individuals from the larger population is more
…show more content…
In a probability sample each element or unit of the population have a known chance of being selected for the sample study. Probability samples also permit a precise estimate of parameters. Since all elements have an equal chance of being selected for your survey, you can randomly select participants without missing portions of your population; you have a complete sampling frame. With probability samples you can generalize your results from this random sample. With Non-probability samples some people have a greater, but unknown, chance than others of selection into the sample study. Nonprobability samples are used when there is not a complete population list available. Some units are unable to be selected; therefore you have no way of knowing the size and effect of sampling error. Nonprobability samples are not random and often bias; you cannot generalize your results to an entire population with a high level of confidence. Probability samples are the best for the purpose of making valid
Non-Probability Sample - is a process when samples are gathered in a way where everyone do not have an equal chance to be selected. . I am going to sit in the lobby of the dormitories, A. A. Branch, Renner, Berkshire, and New Women, to pass out surveys to the first 20 students in each dorm that pass by and voluntary want to take it.
allows for participants that are more willing to adhere to the study, and therefore may impact the
The researchers used purposive sample but did not give any explanation as to why this choice sampling was made. It is essential to describe the sampling process in a research where this facilitates the reader to distinguish any bias in the whole sampling process. In studies using participants, the process of how to select, access, inform and retain research participants requires considerable thought. Sampling is a key issue, because it is
Luker describes sampling through canonical social science research as a “systemic random probability sample”, with the goal of producing results that can then be apply and a general way. For example, with a research question that focuses on voting in a election, A canonical social science research question may trying to determine how many voters are expected to vote a certain way in a election. By using randomly sampling a certain number of voters could be surveyed the result can provide a general description of the voting trend of an entire populations with similar characteristic as the sample group. While I agree with Luker that sampling is important to both canonical qualitative and qualitative social science research, in the case of qualitative research, the word has different meaning.
d. Survey research is one of the best methods for gathering a vast amount of original data on a large population.
Describe the experimental method, state its advantages and disadvantages, and distinguish between independent and dependent variables.
Describe the experimental method, state its advantages and disadvantages, and distinguish between independent and dependent variables.
Explain the importance of random sampling. What problems/limitations could prevent a truly random sampling and how can they be prevented?
In terms of choosing my sampling method, I chose quota sampling. This is because we chose to survey 30 people in total but divide the group into genders; males and females. Therefore; 15 males and 15 females were surveyed. This was an important sampling method to choose because it was quite accurate. It was less biased as we decided to interview both genders, leading to varied results for our market research team. We also chose to have quota sampling, because it was the most efficient sampling method which gave us the most accurate information we set out to find. I feel it was important to have more than one division; that being males and females. This is purely because males and females have much diverse views and opinions and also priorities such as; males being more interested in booking rooms and assessing the online services, where the females would also enjoy the online services, but would show more interest in the facilities available, therefore it was quite key to find out how each gender progressed through the surveys. I feel that quota sampling is much more accurate than other sampling methods such as random sampling. This is because random sampling will leave the researchers with a range of results, which will be harder to compare or formulate decisions
Based upon information provided this study was appropriate conducted as a purposeful sampling but, this study
Sampling strategy is a focus on a smaller group to determine the conclusions of the larger population (Cooper & Schindler, 2014, p. 338). In this instance, the McMahon Group employed both focus groups and mail surveys as strategies to gather information and the dual approach produced relevant and valuable data for researchers.
According to Hair et al. (2003), in the research, the sampling process enables identifying, developing and understanding an interested object that need to be determined (p.333). Hence, in order for the researcher to carry out the sampling appropriately, advantages and disadvantages of the various sampling methods should be considered along with the theoretical component of the study (Hair et al. 2003, p. 368 f). Theoretically, the sampling procedure is divided into two major types which consist of probability and nonprobability sampling. In probability sampling, individuals have a known chance of being selected. While, in non-probability sampling, individuals do not have a known possibility to be selected (Sekaran 2003, p. 269 f). Also, the different sampling methods provide different advantages and disadvantages. Hence, the researcher should consider this point before choosing the sampling method for the
Everyone mentions simple random sampling, but few use this method for population-based surveys. Rapid surveys are no exception, since they too use a more complex sampling scheme. So why should we be concerned with simple random sampling? The main reason is to learn the theory of sampling. Simple random sampling is the basic selection process of sampling and is easiest to understand. If everyone in a population could be included in a survey, the analysis featured in this book would be very simple. The average value for equal interval and binomial variables, respectively, could easily be derived using
There are two main kinds of sampling for the quantitative method in social research: 1) probability sampling and 2) non-probability sampling. In the former, there is a probable chance that every individual in a large population will be randomly selected in the research study, and it consists of our types of probability sampling: random, systematic, stratified, and multi-stage cluster. In the non-probability sampling, on the
According to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009), in research questions where it would be impracticable for researchers to colect data from the entire population, it is necessary to select a sample. Sampling is “the process of selecting a sufficient number of the right elements from the population, so that a study of the sample and an understanding of its properties or