Joe Bokeyar Year 12 – Modern History Research Essay
To what extent did the Nazis succeed in establishing a totalitarian state in Germany in the years between 1933 and 1939?
The Nazis succeeded to a great degree in establishing a totalitarian state in Germany in the years between 1933 and 1939.
A Totalitarian state is defined as a government that subordinates the individual to the state and strictly controls all aspects of life by coercive measures. A Totalitarian state aims to establish complete:
- political
-social/economic
- and cultural control over their people.
Fascism is a type of right-wing totalitarianism which places importance on the subordination of individuals to advance the interests of the state. It is important for
…show more content…
The army along with the SS were now loyal to Hitler. On August 2nd 1934 Hindenburg died. This then gave Hitler the opportunity, which he took, to declare himself Fuhrer. The role of the Fuhrer was President, Chancellor and Commander in Chief all in one. All soldiers took an oath of allegiance to him personally. A plebiscite approved of this with 88.93% of the vote. The Weimar Republic was over and the Third Reich about to begin.
All media was controlled by the Nazis. Newspapers, radio stations, films obeyed and said what the Nazis told them to. A number of rallies were put on to emphasise just how strong Nazi Germany was. Goebbels was in charge of this and was also very successful. He was able to persuade people into believing that Hitler and the Nazis were right. All Nazi view points on everything were always emphasized. Groups opposing the Nazis such as socialist, communists, liberals, democrats, Jews and other group were targeted by the Nazis. All books were censored, over 2500 authors banned and many books burnt on the streets. Propaganda manipulated Hitler’s image very carefully so that he would be portrayed as a kind, hardworking man with simple tasks.
The SS and Gestapo (secret police) acting under the orders of Himmler, made terror a regular occurrence and a matter of state policy. Any sort of opponents were beaten and regularly thrown
How, specifically, was this accomplished? Hitler became chancellor of the state and soon Nazis became the majority in parliamentary after a fire right before the election that the Nazis blamed on the Communists. He turned Germany into a totalitarian state and made it a one party rule. This led to him arresting every opponent. Soon he had control over economy. He banned strikes, unions and gave the government power over labor and businesses. He put everyone to work. He used propaganda to try and control German life. The radio, literature, paintings, film and press were used. Anything that did not go with Nazi beliefs were burned even
6.14.1933- Nazi party outlaws all other political parties, signaling the beginning of a totalitarian regime
They was done by using the Storm Troopers or SS, a milatry style organization that served as body guards and intelligence for Hitler and their primary function was to destroy all opposition to Hitler and Nazism. They were also responsible for the concentration camps (History.Com). The local government was reorganized and separated into areas and blocks and the Gestapo was set up. The Gestapo were considered the Secret Police and acted as spies. They had the authority to do what it wanted without any repruccisions and were feared by all citizens (Encyclopedia Britannia). In addition, Hitler set up the Nazi’s People Court, where judges have to swear an oath of loyalty to the Nazi’s and often determined guily verdicts prior to trial (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum). Lastly, Concentration Camps were set up as punishments of those that disobeyed the rules, the SS or were ordered to go by the courts (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum).
Police terror is seen when violence and terror are used to force complete obedience and to crush any opposition to the government, usually involving brutal force or even murder. The only goal of using police terror is to protect the interests of the government, not the citizen’s. This would strengthen a leader’s power due to the complete annihilation of opposition, leading to a boost in support for the leader, as those who would be opposed would not dare speak out for fear stemming from the police. Specifically, Hitler had established the Sturmabteilung, or SA, which was the Nazi party’s own personal police force. This police force was led by Ernst Rohm, and was used to defend themselves during meetings, as well as to scare and terrorize the meetings of other political parties in order to disperse them, so that there were no meetings of those opposed to the Nazi party (Growing Fascism in Germany Lecture Notes, February 15, 2017).
World War I led to the deaths of over 70 million people in Europe, and destroyed the already weak infrastructure left from the imperialist age of the 19th century. During this time of rebuilding, Germany turned to people they believed would help them rebuild. The people who would rebuild would also destroy the freedoms of the German people through their aggressive takeover. This takeover by the German National Socialist Party, dubbed the Nazi Party by Bavarians, was defined for the brutality and the totalitarian government by which it ruled. So the question is, how did they take over? How did a party made from the hands of but 5 people manage to conquer all of Germany during the 1930s? This is due to the harsh stipulations enforced by the post-war efforts of the allied powers and the following collapse of many European countries.
Hitler was able to influence the media in Germany so assigned Nazi members to broadcast and report to the public. But they would then only feed stories and news to the people about matters that showed the Nazi regime in a positive and biased way to give the false pretence to the German people the regime is effective and the best thing for the country to improve. Opposition however couldn’t compete with the broad scale that the Nazis were able to report on, so they lacked having the proper resources to reach the public audience and to educate them on different political matters that would allow them to be able to form and develop their own opinions. People also wouldn’t take any physical items that explained their views and opinions because if they were caught with anything that opposes the Nazi party or regime they could be arrested and taken to a concentration camp. That meant that they had to rely on reaching people verbally and being able to express themselves in a way that’s effective for people to be interested by and has an impact that it’ll stay in their
The second of many occurrences’ which brought about World War II was the rise of fascism. This began when Hitler rose to power and was elected chancellor (Führer) on 30 January 1933, when the previous president (Paul Hindenburg) stepped down from power and handed him the position. Once in power Hitler began rehabilitating German forces and fixing the current economic system, he made polices and rules revolving mainly around ‘synchronisation’ and order. He forced the populace to attend mass gatherings of worship and expression of power at which he planned speeches to further his grasp and control over society. He implemented compulsory military service, denounced Jewish citizenship, made strict and harsh polices for all German Citizens and punished
First of all, the political circumstances in Germany lead to the nazi party gaining power. In 1932, “... Hitler’s Nazi party had enough power to effectively paralyze Germany’s democratic government.” This is important because it shows Hitler, the chancellor, came to power. This is also important because the nazi party had a portion of the vote. By 1930, “when the nazis won 18 percent of the vote it was effectively impossible to govern Germany without nazi support according to pershaw a professor at Sheffield University England.” This is important because it shows how the nazis had an advantage. This is also important because the nazi party was important to having a percentage of the vote. Hitler forced out Germany’s democratic government
The Nazis like many movements of their time started organisations for many aspects of life the most notable the, Hitler youth, Nazi teachers’ organisation, union of Nazi lawyers and the order of German women. This shows that the Nazis wanted a totalitarian state and re-developed and re-organised during the 1924-1929 period to start this. In 1925 the SS were
On 30th January 1933, through ruthless determination, Adolf Hitler became Germany 's 24th Chancellor, bringing the totalitarian Nazi party into power and creating a fascist Nazi State. Ultimately this led to the collapse of the Weimar Republic and the creation of a terror state, in which the German society was forced to conform to the regime due to the excessive use of violence, fear, and intimidation. The Nazi regime created various economic benefits, which served to disguise the detrimental effects the regime had on youth and education, the segregation of minority groups, and women 's rights. Furthermore, the German population was oppressed through the consolidation of a ruthless and merciless police state. This police state served to
During the 1930s, the Nazi Regime attempted to construct what it believed to be a utopian society. The Nazis’ rise to power can be viewed as a modern revolution, in which their objective to create an ideal Nazi Volksgemeinschaft (community of people) was achieved by highly regulating all areas of German life. From the arts and literature to sexual activity and race relations, the Nazi Party implemented legislation that restricted what the German public could see, hear, read, do and even think! The Nazis were able to maintain control over the masses through propaganda, codified and unwritten values, and destructive actions (Night of Broken Glass) that actually determined the conditions under which individuals had
Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party saw their acquisition of power in 1933 as more than simply a change of government. To the Nazis it represented the start of a transformation of German society in accordance with their ideology of National Socialism. This focused on all Germans, regardless of class or income, working for the national good as part of the Volksgemeinschaft, the People’s Community. In the period from 1933 to 1939, the Nazis ultimately achieved consensus in creating the Volksgemeinschaft through both propaganda and coercion. Propaganda and coercion ultimately underpinned the creation and the subsequent maintenance of the Nazi state with propaganda serving to popularize the regime and coercion suppressing any opposition.
“You have your way. I have my way. As for the right way, the correct way, and the only way, it does not exist” (Nietzsche 1891). With the many different forms of government, everyone ruling during their time believed that their form is always the best. Throughout history there has been many changes not only to peoples beliefs but their ideas as to what we need as citizens of a government as well. While we current live under a democracy, not too long ago did some people believe that totalitarian government are the best system to use. In this context, a totalitarian government is one in which there is only one person who is in power who has complete dominance over the state. Germany, Russia, and Italy all had totalitarian governments and each had their own justification for the system.
Despite all this, the Nazis did employ terror as part of consolidation. They used violence, increasingly without legal restriction. A developing crisis came ahead in April 1934 when it became apparent that President Hindenburg didn’t have much longer
A totalitarian state is a political organization in which take over the society and control privacy of the public wherever they possibly can. Hitler and the Nazi party were able to create a totalitarian state. The Nazi party took control of education by having the teachers join a Nazi teacher’s league and told the children the Nazis message when teaching their subjects. Schools were plastered with images of Adolf Hitler and the children’s leisure time was taken by the Hitler Youth movement. The young people of Germany were the main target of the Nazis. Boys were taught all about war and completed activities that were military based. Whereas girls were used to mainly produce children so there is more of a chance of boys being produced, which