The United Arab Emirates : An Overview

These nomads were known for their farming, growing staple crops to survive. They were called one of the five “civilized tribes”. The main issues that

Persian Gulf Development Literature Oil Curse Literature Arab and Islamic Factors Regional Ovemiew and Historical Background Dubai's Development History

Located in Western Asia at the South-East end of Arabian Peninsula on the Persian Gulf is the oil-rich economy viz. United Arab Emirates (UAE). The demographic of the economy consists of 11.6% Emiratis, as much as 59.4% South Asian (including 38.2% Indian) and 29.1% others (2015 est.). The economy constitutes young population with majority of the population between 25-54 years of age (61.27%) and about 96% are aged below 54 years of age. Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Sharjah account for 85% of the total UAE population.

Conflict over energy resources—and the wealth and power they create—has become an increasingly prominent feature for geopolitics particularly in the Middle East . The discovery of oil in the late nineteenth century added a dimension to the region as major outside states powers employed military force to protect their newly acquired interests in the Middle East. The U.S.’s efforts to secure the flow of oil have led to ever increasing involvement in the Middle East region’s political affairs and ongoing power struggles. By the end of the twentieth century, safeguarding the flow of oil from the Persian Gulf had become one of the most important functions of the U.S. military establishment. The close relationship between the United States and the Saudi royal family was formed in the final months of World War II, when U.S. leaders sought to ensure preferential access to Saudi petroleum. The U.S. link with Saudi Arabia and other countries in the region has demonstrated to be greatly beneficial to both parties, yet it has also led to ever deepening U.S. involvement in regional politics.

Before the emergence of Islam in the 7th century, Arabia was home to groups of quarreling tribes with extremely varying cultures. These tribes would often raid caravans traveling through the desert, and would rely on this practice to sustain themselves. The Persian and Byzantine empires

1. social unit of the Bedouins and Arabs was a tribe it  connected through kinship , tribes and provided protection and support.

When Arabians conquered Middle East countries, they made that areas' people to accept their new rules. Enlarging of population and places, Arabians encountered obstacles to control that areas. To prevent new places against enemies, Arabians should make strong administrative system. In occupied lands Arabians ruled the countries according to Islam rules. The best known of these early Arab settlements were the aforementioned Kufa and Basra in Iraq, Fustat (later Cairo) Egypt and Qayrawan in Tunisia (Bennison A 2009). During Caliph Ummar, Empire was divided into provinces. It helped Arabians to control the places easily. Empire was ruled by Caliphs. Most of the revenue of Empire came from Taxes. Taxation system was completely changed, for instance, all the Muslim people should give taxes: zakat, khums and Christians gave jizya.

Bedouin tribes were traditionally nomadic peoples of the Arabian Peninsula and North Africa who migrated between the desert and cultivated land according to the season. It is this itinerant lifestyle that equipped this group with a vast knowledge of survival skills and enabled their endurance in harsh desert environments for centuries. Through the harvest of water and trade of goods and services in exchange for food, water and currency, they were able to migrate across Europe and ultimately to unite under a single cultural identity in the seventh century. United under the Islamic faith prior to the death of the Prophet Muhammad in 632CE, what had been a small cluster of nomadic tribes and traders became a formidable force. With direction from

The Persian Gulf War is also known as Americans Operation Desert storm. It was one of the most major events in American history from 1990 to 1991. The Americans fought in this war and had a great excuse for conquering Kuwait. The Gulf War was upraised by Saddam's violent tendencies in ordering an invasion of Kuwait. The nation large oil reserves had canceled a large debt that Iraq owed to Kuwait. Iraq also had an expansion of power in the region. On August 3 the United Nations Security Council called for Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait, and on August 6 the council imposed a worldwide ban on trade with Iraq. The Iraqi government responded by formally annexing Kuwait on August 8. (Britannica, 2015) The environment always seems to be the victim of

The Middle Eastern country Qatar, which borders Saudi Arabia and the Persian Gulf, gained its independence as a British protectorate in 1971. The country’s main revenue resource shifted from pearls to oil when reserves were discovered in 1939. Oil revenues allowed the government to fund large infrastructure and modernization projects. Corruption was rampant as Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani used oil revenues for personal gain. His son Emir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani overthrew his father in 1995. Emir Hamad helped resolve disputes over border issues with Bahrain and Saudi Arabia in the 2000s. In 2013, he abdicated the position to his son Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, the current Emir of Qatar. The new government has not exhibited any radical

The Nomads were people of a tribe who would migrate around many different places in search of new viable resources, wealth, and technology when their supply of food and land would be exploited. The nomads were the hunter-gatherers of the 7th -13th centuries and also even having their own livestock in most cases. They herded sheep, cattle, goats, horses, and many other animals. Since they move from place to place so much they do not partake in agriculture so much, or even so on a long term basis. The nomads would migrate for reasons such as to raid settled communities or avoid approaching enemy conflicts. It being their natural way of life, living off of the land and working for their own food and shelter, they were seen as savages in most eyes. The Nomadic people were made up of warriors and tribal elders of a low culture society. The tribal elders being the chairmen of the tribe/chiefs who were the key holders, sources, and transmitters of

Bahrain has a strategic position because it is positioned in the centre of the gulf. The first port in Bahrain was constructed in the 1930s. It was positioned on the north side of Bahrain at Mina Manama. The port was small and it only could handle vessels drawing up to 4 meters of water and then wharves

Qatar was once controlled by the sheikhs of Bahrain, but in 1867, war broke out between the people and their rulers. To keep the peace in the Persian Gulf, the British acknowledged Muhammad ibn Thani al-Thani, to be the head of Qatar or also known as an emir. In 1893, the Ottoman Turks made an invasion into Qatar, but it successfully deflected them. In 1916, the ruler agreed to allow Qatar to become a British protectorate. Oil reserves

The United Arab Emirates (U.A.E) is a federation of seven Emirates that was formed on December 2 1971. It is located between the Arabian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman and it is bordered by Saudi Arabia and Oman. The country has a total population of 3,740,000 as of 2004. Approximately 85% of those resideing the in UAE are not native to the country. Arabic is the official language,

The United Arab Emirates, more commonly referred to as the UAE, gained independence from England in 1971. The late President, Sheikh Zayid bin Sultan al Nahyan, ruled the UAE from the start of its sovereignty all the way until his death in 2004 (Rugh, 1997, p. 18). Zayid implemented a federal monarchy across the state. Unlike many other monarchies, the UAE has sustained great rule while maintaing peace with its people. Many factors influence this trend and without them the regime of the UAE would most likely fail. The UAE has flourished for nearly 40 years with a ruling governmental regime where the majority of power is put into the hands of only a select few by disallowing political parties and restricting political participation (Rugh,