Sigmund Freud's Psychodynamic Approach

Following the publication of Freud’s ‘Papers on Technique’ between 1912 and 1917, there have been papers and symposia on the subject. Four symposia in 1937, 1948, 1958, and 1961 were devoted to the examination of therapeutic results of psychoanalysis, the mechanisms behind its curative factors, variations in technique and the ego-psychological approach to interpretations (Rosenfeld, 1972, 454). In 1934, James Strachey published his paper on “The Nature of the Therapeutic Action of Psychoanalysis,” which has since been considered one of the most seminal works on the subject. He holds that his paper is “not a practical discussion upon psychoanalytic technique,” and that “it’s immediate bearings are theoretical” (Strachey, 1934, 127). However, as Herbert Rosenfeld points out in his 1972 critical appreciation of Strachey’s paper, “this is clearly an understatement; the paper both challenges one’s clinical experience and has important clinical implications even though actual case material is not quoted” (Rosenfeld, 1972, 454). It would not be difficult to summarize Strachey’s main points regarding therapeutic action and mutative interpretation, and it would prove similarly sterile to simply compare his ideas with the views of other psychoanalysts, contemporaneous and contemporary. Instead, as Strachey concerns himself primarily with the structural nature of mutative change, this paper will aim to delineate a more in-depth exploration of the way different structures of the

This paper will carry out a comparative analysis of the two most important psychological therapies, the Adlerian Therapy and the Gestalt Therapy.

The unconscious mind has a major role in the general understanding of the human behavior and emotions. In analyzing Adolf Hitler’s personality and beginning to understand how the human brain functions in sorting behaviors as such, the model of Freudian Psychology proposed by Sigmund Freud outlines the instinctual desires and how these can be interpreted as totally understandable or utterly confusing. Freud proposed that the human psyche could be divided into three parts, also known as a tripartite. These three areas carry the names Id, ego, and superego. All of these different parts develop in different times of our human lives, such as early childhood, teenage life, and early adulthood. We carry them in ourselves throughout our lives, and they influence our behaviors and impulsive needs.

To extract this repressed information, Freud's therapeutic method began by relaxing the client and letting the person talk about his or her dreams and childhood memories. Depending upon the level of

Freud held the belief that when explaining our own behavior, we rarely give an accurate account of our motivation. It is not because we are intentionally lying. Although people are good fooling others, they are even better at fooling themselves. The rationalizations of our conduct are actually disguising the real reasons. His life’s work was spent predominately trying to find techniques of circumventing this camouflage that hides structure and function of the personality.

Integral to the theoretical frameworks governing the field of Counseling Psychology are theories emerging from several schools of thought including Psychoanalytic, Adlerian, Existential, Person-centered, Gestalt, Behavior, Cognitive behavior, Reality and Family systems. I will discuss and supplement the aforementioned therapy derived from theoretical foundations in the succeeding sections with the assistance of a class handout issued by Dr. Didi Firman for the course Counseling Theory and Practice and with excepts from scholarly assignments and annotations completed.

Freud’s development of the structure of the mind and its multi-layered levels, the conscious, preconscious and the unconscious, was a seminal moment in psychoanalysis, and it led to a greater understanding of human actions. For Freud (1900), the mind was similar to an iceberg, with a visible part and a larger invisible section housing the unconscious mind. The unconscious mind held the key to a deeper understanding of human behaviour, motives and impulses. Freud’s theory was premised on the understanding that the unconscious mind largely controlled human action and behaviour, and the primary aim of psychoanalysis is to make the unconscious mind conscious,that is to bring to the fore all that is buried and withheld deep within the iceberg of the mind. Consciousness then comprises only a tiny aspect of our mental existence, and dreams, slips of the tongue, nervous ticks and other unconscious behaviours are pointers to the real mind. These slips and other unconscious actions are to be explored in detail. For Freud(1900), dreams performed a huge role in the opening up of the unconscious mind. “Dreams are the royal road to the unconscious”and through dream analysis, the hidden wishes and desires and fears of a dreamer could be brought to the conscious mind and then dealt with.

Sigmund Freud created psychoanalysis, a system through which an expert unloads oblivious clashes in light of the free affiliations, dreams and dreams of the patient. Psychoanalytic hypothesis is a strategy for exploring and treating identity issue and is utilized as a part of psychotherapy. Included in this hypothesis is the way to go

As social climates advance, the outcomes impact evolving theories, accordingly legal, ethical and cultural perspectives evolve along with environmental, societal, technological, and psychological approaches. This report will analyze the application of the theories of Sigmund Freud (1856 –1939), Carl Jung (1875 –1961), Karen Horney (1881- 1952)and Harry Stack Sullivan (1892 – 1949) (Cervone, 2012) (Cervone 2013). Consequently, how each therapist’s might apply their theory or modifications to existing therapies in the recognition of problematic events and specific concepts of their theories for the application in the treatment of the customer. In summation, there will be an interrogation of the legal, ethical, and cultural implications of each theory as applied to evaluate the following event.

I have always attributed personality as being a culmination of environment first, biology second, and traits, or what my understanding of them was. I was not aware of Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic approach, or the correct definition of the trait theory prior to beginning this class. The psychoanalytic approach to personality defines the origins of personality as being divided in to three parts; the id (unconscious), the superego (preconscious) and the ego (conscious). Each part plays a distinct role in memory, response, desire, decision making, and conscience. With all three parts interacting, conflicting,

Freud was a Viennese physician and acquired his early training in neurology, he worked with Jean Martin Charcot for a short period of time and investigated the use of hypnosis to treat conversion hysteria; when physical symptoms such as paralysis or blindness appeared suddenly and with no apparent cause. Freud’s experience treating his patients led him to believe that their symptoms were caused by psychological trauma and painful memories that had been suppressed. Once these patients relived these memories their physical

Freud was one of the most significant influences in the twentieth century for psychology. He founded and was later known as the father of psychoanalysis, it was used in treating people with mental illnesses. Most people know psychoanalysis as the therapy/talking remedy. He would sit his patients down and talk openly about their different emotions and problems they were currently facing. One of Freud’s cases in particular was brought to people’s attention. “The case of Anna O” the girls real name was Bertha, however this case was very important for Freud because it was basically what essentially started his career. The girl he called Anna suffered from hysteria, which is “a condition in which the patient exhibits physical symptoms (e.g. paralysis, convulsions, hallucinations, loss of speech) without apparent

The aim of the psychoanalytic therapy is to resolve interpersonal conflicts, toward the end of reconstructing one’s basic personality. (Corey 2013). Gathering life-history data, dream analysis, free association, interpretation and analysis of resistance and transference. Such

Freud is the father of the Psychodynamic Model which is “the oldest and most famous of the modern psychological models” (Comer, 2011, p. 37). Psychodynamic theorists believe that people’s behaviors are driven by underlying psychological forces; these forces come from the unconscious mind (Comer, 2011, p. 37). He developed what is known as psychoanalysis: “a way to treat certain mental illnesses by exposing and discussing a patient’s unconscious thoughts and feelings” (Sigmund). Freud was a heavy believer in hypnosis which he learned most from Joseph Breuer; Breuer claimed that he successfully treated a woman by hypnotizing her and tracing back her symptoms to the traumatic experience of her father dying (Sigmund). Freud later dropped the idea of hypnosis and started analyzing dreams believing that many unconscious desires could be found through dreams (Sigmund).

Sigmund Freud is the father of Freudian Psychology. He is considered a founding father of psychoanalysis and came up with the verbal psychotherapy. Sigmund Freud change the way we view childhood, personality, memory, sexuality and therapy. Throughout history, other doctors have added on to Freud 's theories but at the same time remembering whose theories they are. Freuds theory of psychoanalysis focuses on the unconscious aspects of personality. His theories consist of unconscious mind, dreams, infantile sexuality, libido, repression, and transference. All of these are still used in todays degrees and still taught in schools. Freud 's account of the mind structure consists of id, ego and superego.