One of the physical properties of matter is density. Density is defined as a measure of how much mass is contained in a given unit volume. A physical property can be measured without changing the chemical identity of the substance. Since pure substances have unique density values, measuring the density of a substance can help identify that substance. Density is determined by dividing the mass of a substance by its volume. Density, volume, and mass have a clear relationship that can clearly be shown by the mathematical formula:
Density= Mass/Volume
In our experiment we used the determined mass and volume of the sample to calculate the density of an irregular solid and of an unknown liquid. We then compared our density of our liquid with densities of known substances to determine the identity of the unknown substance. The purpose of the experiment was to determine the density of a solid and an unknown liquid. Furthermore, we also evaluated the relationships of density, mass, and volume.
Keywords: Density, Mass, Volume
Introduction
“Which is heavier, a pound of feathers or a pound of lead?” I’m sure we have all heard this pretty naive riddle. However, some people would think that the answer would be the pound of lead. However, after this experiment we should all know the answer.
All matter has volume and mass. Density expresses the relationship of these two primary properties of matter. Mass is the measure of how much matter an object contains. The more matter an object
because each of the objects displaced the water by 1 mL, their mass over that mL is their density.
I. LIQUID - Identification of an Unknown Liquid: Using the physical properties of Solubility, Density, and Boiling Point.
Density is the amount of matter per unit of measurement (Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 26 Aug. 2016.). If water has a density of 1.0 g/mL and you place a substance with a density of 1.8 g/mL the substance will sink because it is denser than water. Density is often measured in g/cm^3 or g/mL because the formula for density is D=m/v.
Density was an important part of this lab. Density can be defined as the ratio of the mass of an object to the volume. To find the density of an object, simply divide mass and volume. The equation looks like this: D=M/V. Density is an intensive property that depends only on the composition of a substance, not the size of the sample.
Procedure: Using distilled water, premeasured containers and objects determine displacement of fluids and density of objects. Use ice and heat measure temperatures in Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin.
This hypothesis is based off of the idea of water density and how it changes when a substance is added or removed. A material's density is defined as its mass per unit volume. It is, essentially, a measurement of how tightly matter is crammed together (Jones, 2015). Every matter in the world has its own specific density. Density can be calculated by multiplying the mass times the volume. Water's density can change when a substance is added or when the temperature is increased or decreased with the normal density of water is just under 1 gram per
If I fill up two different containers with different amounts of water, then I will be able to understand the density of the two different mass/volumes of two different containers.
CHM130 Lab 6 Exploring Density Name A. Data Tables Place your completed Data Tables here Part IIIa (3 points) Volume of water in graduated cylinder (mL)10 mlMass of rubber stopper (g)11.15Volume of water and rubber stopper (mL)16.5 Part IIIb (6 points) Volume of water in graduated cylinder (mL)20Mass of iron nail (g)3.66Volume of water and iron nail (mL)20.5 Part IV (20 points) Type of Aluminum FoilMass (g)Length (cm)Width (cm)Volume (cm3)Thickness (cm)Regular.63g15 cm 10.02 cm.21 cm3.0014 cm Heavy Duty.97g15 cm10.01 cm .36 cm3.0024 cm B. Follow Up Questions Show all work for questions involving calculations. Part I Use the concepts/vocabulary of density to explain why the liquids formed layers in Part I of the procedure. (8 pts)
5. A salvage operator recovered coins believed to be gold. A sample weighed 129.6 g and had a
For example, how to physically find the density of an object by finding their mass with a balance and finding the object's volume using the method water displacement. The purpose of the experiment was to find out which metal is used to create post 1982 pennies. Pre-1982 pennies were made out of copper but then the metal used for making pennies changed. The metal used to create pre-1982 pennies was copper. Since the metal used to make pennies changed the density of post-1982 changed.
In Measuring and Understanding Density, several experiments were performed to find density of regularly shaped objects, irregularly shaped objects, liquids and gasses. An additional experiment was done to find the specific gravity of a sampling of liquids. The purpose of the experiment was to provide a better understanding of density and to be able to extrapolate unknowns based upon these calculations. The experiments yielded data in keeping with Kinetic-molecular theory in regards to the density of water versus its temperature. Key measurements and formulae were also used to determine densities of metal and plastic objects as well as irregularly shaped rocks. It is possible to find the density of an object (be it liquid, gas or
Conclusion: The purpose of this lab was to find the relationship between the mass and the volume of the four samples. The densities from least to greatest were shortest(4), short(3), medium(2), and longest(1). Density can vary with temperature, and that could cause errors in the collected data. A real world application of density is icebergs. Icebergs float because they are less dense than the water around them. The icebergs are made of frozen freshwater but they are surrounded by very cold salt water. Initially, salt water has a higher density than freshwater and the low temperatures of the water cause the density to increase even more. The salt water and its increasingly high density allows for the less dense icebergs to float. Knowing this about density is good to know so we can figure out how things in the world work, like how and why massive icebergs float in the middle of the
The purpose of this experiment is to identify an unknown substance by measuring the density and boiling point. I will be able to conclude which substance is my own from a list of known options stating what its real boiling point and density is.
States of matter are the distinct forms that different phases of matter take on. Historically, the distinction is made based on qualitative differences in bulk properties. Solid is the state in which matter maintains a fixed volume and shape; liquid is the state in which matter maintains a fixed volume but adapts to the shape of its container; and gas is the state in which matter expands to occupy whatever volume is available.
Matter is defined as anything that occupies space and can be perceived by one or more senses; a physical body, a physical substance, or the universe as a whole. There are four distinct states of matter: solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. There are other states of matter such as Bose-Einstein condensates and neutron degenerate matter, but those states can only be found under extreme conditions.