Mental Disorders: Anosmia And Disabilities

The amount of people who live with disabilities is a controversial number. Depending on what law and diagnostic tools used, a person may have a visible disability, or one that may lie beneath the surface of his or her appearance. Some people believe that the term “disability” is merely a label use to hold back, or prescribe helplessness. Meanwhile, individuals who have been properly diagnosed with disabilities struggle to maintain respect and acceptance every day. In plain language, there is a lot of misunderstanding between people with disabilities and those without. It is firstly important to get everyone on the same page regarding the definition of disability.

Disabled. Disabled is a word commonly defined as being physically or mentally impaired, injured, or incapacitated (dictionary.com). There's a stigma over the word disabled with its negative connotation. Nancy Mairs, author of “I Am a Cripple, dislikes this word because she thinks that the English language incorporates too many euphemism in our speech. Mairs wants people to use more straightforward language, even if it might be offensive to others. In “ I Am a Cripple”, Mairs eloprates on how she became disabled from the disease multiple sclerosis or (M.S). M.S., a disease that attacks the central nervous system and often disables or cripples the person who has this disease. To describe her first symptoms of M.S.(infinitive phrase) Mairs flashbacks to when she was in college. Also how some days she wishes she was not disabled. Allusions in Nancy Mairs’s “I Am a Cripple” provide a deeper understanding of her complex feelings of having M.S.

Since they are not able to move on their own, people with these disabilities often rely upon devices such as wheelchairs, crutches, canes, and artificial limbs. A physical disability may either be hereditary or a side-effect of an injury. Diseases can also cause physical disability: muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, amputation, heart disease, pulmonary disease and many more There are some disabilities that cause people to not function normally, but that other people cannot see. Some examples of these “invisible” diseases include pulmonary disease, respiratory disorders, epilepsy and other limiting conditions. While we may not know how we can help these people, there are certainly many different ways to makes physically disabled people welcome.

Society often focuses on what a person lacks in terms of disability and focuses on condition or illness or a person’s lack of ability. Medical model of disability which views adults has having an impairment or lacking in some way

Humans have lived with disabilities for as long as mankind has existed. Whether it be by a random mutation in genetic code, serious injury, or disease, there have always been people

However, as modern studies have shown, being deformed doesn't necessarily mean that he or she is disabled as well. For example, one can have six fingers on their right hand, which does indeed make that hand deformed, but if he or she is still able to write, eat, grab, etc. well with that had, them he or she cannot be considered disabled because the prime definition of disabled is the inability to perform due to a bodily difference or injury. The extent of disability varies as well,for example, one with a temporary fractured arm may have less of a disability than a permanent broken leg, varying on the amount of usage, dependence and convenience for that person.Numerous accounts of disability can also affect a person indirectly, especially if our society commonly revolves around the things we perceive to judge instead of truly allowing one to know the person before we judge, In other words, visibility also commonly fuels the deformity of a person, although indirectly, it is highly noticeable when one shows dislike and contempt toward another. One extremely prevalent unfortunes in our society that deals with the visibility of a

Invisible disabilities are exactly what they seem to be: hidden from view. Invisible disabilities come in almost endless varieties, including mental illnesses, HIV, AIDS, diabetes, learning disabilities, epilepsy, and more. While there may be visible components to these disabilities, all of them can be virtually invisible and “hidden” from view. People often make assumptions based on what is visibly seen, so when someone is suffering from something invisible, it is assumed that the person is fine, because they appear to be fine. This assumption causes the reinforcement of stereotypes and prejudice that form misconceptions regarding invisible disabilities. Despite these physical and psychological

An offer can be accepted or rejected by phone. If rejecting ensure it is apparent why the offer is being rejected and the appreciation for the process. If the offer is going to be accepted, it can be done by phone and followup with a letter of acceptance. If uncertain, be honest and take time to consider the offer.

The case of Norma Jeane Mortenson, famously known as Marilyn Monroe, is exponential for the type of female psychosexual dysfunction called anorgasmic disorder.

“Disabilities exist not because of a wheelchair, but because the broader environment isn't accessible.” Stella Young. A disability is an impairment to a person’s body that affects their mobility ability to learn things, or ability to communicate easily and some people may have more than one. There are different types of disabilities and some result in the person to end up in a wheelchair due to a mobility impairment. Paraplegia refers to a loss of function to the lower part of the body due to a spinal injury; amputation, arthritis, back disorder, cerebral palsy, stroke, neuromuscular disorders and fibromyalgia are other examples of impairments that may result in a need of a wheelchair. ("Quadriplegia - Brain and Spinal Cord", 2016)

Usually when someone has anorexia nervosa its for a particular reason since this disorder is a is a self made decision or in some cases people are just born with this horrible disorder. Most people with the disorder are usually people that are in entertainment, modeling, or they just have a low self-esteem and anxiety. These can all end up being a huge challenge to a person and continues to hurt and break people around the world today.

Epigenetic’s is a term that describes everything that happens in the gene expression process that is above the genome. The epigenetic process is typically due to histone modification, CpG island methylation, RNA associated silencing, and some other factors. The process is triggered via cell-to-cell signaling, neighborhood cells sending signals, physiology, and environment. The epigenetic change can be transient, permanent, or heritable. In my chosen paper, the researchers are looking into how the social environment can ‘get into the mind’ in a way that results in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), post-dramatic stress disorder (PTSD), anorexia nervosa, and substance dependence. Even though the review article covers five types of mental disorders, I’m going to focus on schizophrenia and anorexia nervosa. Overtime, research has shown a robust relation between the social environment and the prevalence of mental illness. In large western cities, like NYC, there is a higher frequency in those that have schizophrenia, increased labor stress helps facilitate MDD development, natural disasters have been associated with PTSD, and social and relationship problems help induce the onset of eating disorders. It is also important to note that heritable factors also play a part, and that the resulting mental disorder is thought to occur due to an interaction between the social environment and heritable factors. In a schizophrenia twin study, even

Anosmia: Diseases of the first cranial (olfactory) nerve, which is the alterations in the sense of smell. Anosmia may be caused by different reasons such as neoplasms; central nervous system infections; cranium cerebral trauma; inherited conditions; toxins; metabolic diseases; tobacco abuse; and other conditions. Loss of smell and/or taste has been leads to inadequate nutritional intake, reduced social pleasure, and decreased psychological wellbeing. Sometimes it may be life threatening, situations such as damaging the detection of smoke in a fire or the ability to identify spoiled food. Any treatment of olfactory disorders must first treat the specific causative factor identified from diagnostic tests, history, and physical examination Local

Defining disability is a difficult process because it can be viewed from a range of perceptive (Areheart, 2008). World Health Organisation (2016) define disability as ‘an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions.’ This could suggest disability is a problem with in a bodily function or structure which makes it difficult for an individual to complete an action or task. There are two models commonly used to help define and understand disability; the social model and the medical model of disability. The medical model of disability suggests that a disability is within an individual, such as a defect (Linton, 1998; Oliver,1990). It focuses on finding treatments for these health condition (Barnes and

T F 1. Generally when one loses his/her sense of smell, he/she also loses the sense