Institutional Racism Theory

Around 600 Mexican Americans who fit the term “zoot-suiters” ( a person who wears ballooned pants and long coats) were rounded up in efforts to catch the criminal. The court argued that their look alone was enough to prove they were deliquents in one way or another and should be held responsible for their actions. Altough appearances do distinguish gang members from regular civilians the mass gathering of around 600 Mexicans for one individuals murder shows the lack of professional expirence. It also serves as a pedestal to say that these police offers weren’t looking for an individual based on factual evidence but based their prejudice beliefs tried to round up and get place a large group of Mexicans in the court of law under biased pretences. It is an injustice to hold so many people accountable for a crime based on their looks let alone get so many people of one ethnic group involved just because they look like they are from a gang. On January 12, 1943 in the case of People v. Zamora, presided by Judge Charles Fricke, the court found this to be enough evidence to sentence seventeen of the accused to life in prison to a year in the county jail. Five were found innocent. Henry Leyvas along with two other males were found guilty of first degree murder and sentenced to life in

In the article Travis Andersen, quotes Chief Mark Chase in stating that “the law prohibits him from discussing specific of the case because the parties involved are juveniles” (2017). Having juveniles involved show the intent that Social Construction of Reality has on society. Meaning, in this case race, are constructed form our relationship with others. The juveniles mostly got their views of a person of a different race from their parents or caretakers and thought this was okay, if this is found to be a hate

In the case of Hernandez vs. Texas, which took place in the 1950s, an all white jury sentenced a man of Mexican American descent, named Pete Hernandez to life for murder. His attorney in accordance to LULAC, was assisted by none other than the brilliant civil rights lawyer of the time, Gustavo C. Garcia. The defense team went out of

Systemic oppression requires great scrutiny in order to critically analyze the elements that underlie the complex and impactful process. Furthermore, it is imperative to examine its relation with the governing ideology of the white dominated capitalist society of North America. Through this framework, racism is transformed into an implicit, or symbolic form, which functions outside the parameters of legality and condemnation (Bona-Silva, 1997); ), generating a paradigm where explicitly racist attitudes are fostered and are allowed to surface into society. Consequently, racism enforces the deprivation of status and power of visible minorities, allowing the power and privilege of the dominant group to remain unchallenged (Chaney & Robertson,

Hernandez V. Texas is based in the 6th amendment, “guarantees a defendant a right to counsel in all criminal prosecutions”. This case is a very well-known because there was too much of discrimination towards Hispanics. Pedro Hernandez is a resident at Edna, Texas, a Mexican guy who was accused of convicting the murder of Joe Espinosa who was also a resident of the same area. Hernandez was found guilty by an all-white jury going all the way to Supreme Court. Their lawyers argue that it wasn’t fair for them not having a Mexican American as a jury and there was only Americans, because in that way they would take advantage of a Mexican American to do whatever they wanted to do with him. In the 1950’s was when this case occurred and also there was a harsh discrimination to Mexican Americans from the white people at the United States. Mexicans and African Americans were just a “waste of time” for the white people, that’s how the white people thought about them. History, discrimination and how did this issue impact police, court, and corrections are essential things that will be cover.

1) Racism can be manifested in many forms, including poverty, housing problems, underemployment, unemployment, wage differences, lowered educational opportunities, high crime rates, and welfare dependency. What are the causes of racism. Describe the primary cause of individual and institutional racism. How are these factors dealt with by society?

Explain how institutional racism could result in internalized oppression for members of marginalized populations. Provide examples relevant to a specific minority group, based on the chapters you selected.

There are two different levels of racism found in contemporary health care; institutional and interpersonal racism. Institutional racism encompasses policies and practices carried out by government and other institutions that may limit the benefits received by Indigenous Australians compared with non-Indigenous

The Sherriff, who was accuse of racially profiling Mexicans and unlawfully detained by his department, was found guilty for violating constitutional rights;

During the trial, there was talk of an unfairness, a bias toward the victims in a community that just wanted to bring right to the wrong.

Institutionalized Racism is “Systemic white domination of people of color, embedded and operating in corporations, universities, legal systems, political bodies, cultural life, and other social collectives” (Race In America). It is creating advantages for one racial group at the cost of other racial groups. There are four divisions of Institutionalized Racism. The first is Symbolic Power. This is when there is a classification of one racial group as “normal” and another racial group as nonstandard.

Institutional racism has solidified its position into various aspects of American society. It has installed itself into employment practices, all levels of education, healthcare, housing, politics and the criminal justice system. Institutional racism has made some subtle changes to replace the boldness of slavery and Jim Crow. However, in educational institutions the effects of racism and discrimination are so delicate they typically go unnoticed by students of color. Individual racism usually happens on the personal level where the prejudice is expressed either consciously or unconsciously while there is some form of interpersonal encounter. When it comes to institutional racism it is similar to the individual concepts, however policies and practices are associated with with the belief of racial dominance of one group over another. It is a powerful system that use race to determine power and privilege(Reynolds et al., 2010). Even after the desegregation of school, educational institution are still separated. In Shelby County where I have lived since 1999 there are schools for minorities, and there are schools for whites. The schools for minorities in the city of Memphis have police officers walking the halls and there no books for learning. There are higher numbers of Whites students enrolled in private, charter, and magnet schools in the more affluent segments of the county. They will be exposed to the advantages of a proper education because of their race and privilege

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Systemic racism, also known as institutional racism is “Racial discrimination that has become established as normal behavior within a society or organization” (source): Emily Badger is an accredited writer for The Washington Post—on October 28th of 2014, she published an article titled, What The US Economy Would Look Like If Racial Inequality Did Not Exist. In her piece, she details the ways that the US economy often falls short because of injustices towards minorities and the ways that those injustices impede their lives. She comes from Chicago, and spends most of her time writing about urban policies; therefore, it makes sense that she would have some savvy in the world of minorities and the economic struggles that they face. She is well-respected in her community of reporters and writers. In her piece, she writes about a few factors that explicitly drive racial inequality, such as “the over incarceration of black men, the legal status of immigrant workers, and the re-segregation of public schools” (CITATION HERE). The consequences of these things all combine together to make racial inequality relevant to today’s society through their negative