Free Will In this paper I will do an introduction to and explain to everyone an important question that I’d like to ask the people and help answer for all of you. I really do hope that all of you agree with me on my points that I come across or at least understand where I’m coming from with my argument that I am trying to put out in the open. So what I will be mainly focusing on primarily is as a viewpoint in philosophy, we will see how a person like myself can exist with the ability to have free will in their hands. Actually to be even more precise on the topic and not make it so broad for everyone I would like for all of us to contemplate over a more precise issue on the matter and that issue that I will explain to you about is on …show more content…
So what free will means is on a philosophical level is that it is the ability for a persons to choose, think, and act voluntarily. What that means is that free will gives the human being the potential to decide on anything. They can also be under the impression of anything as well. For some the big contributor to free will is that you can take action of one 's own free will so you can basically do anything freely in a sense. That’s the main thing I’m trying to get at in regards to free will. In the views of many philosophers, for them to believe in the concept of free will they have to believe in that every human being can be the kind of author that they want to be. So they are the author of all of their own reactions or actions that they do and have to have the thinking of rejecting the idea that all human actions are then in a sense determined by the external conditions or fate. This is where determinism comes along. What determinism means based on a philosophical level is that it is just like a philosophical kind of idea that is in every event or state of affairs. This is included in every type of human decision and action and even the inevitable and the most necessary consequence of the antecedent states of affairs. What this means is basically that Determinism is the theoretical theory that everything that happens which also incorporates everything that the person like
Determinism is based off this notion that all events are pre-determined, without influence by human actions. If this is true, we can imply that people do not have free will and thus are not responsible for their actions. In Oedipus the King we see that the dichotomy of fate and free will is hazed by the hyperbole of events, which can make it difficult, but possible, to determine if humans even have free will. Through Oedipus’s flaws and decisions and Sophocles use of the imagery of a crossroad it is apparent that free will can be exercised in a meaningful way.
Over the years, both philosophers and average people alike have contemplated the concept of free will. Usually, people would not contemplate free will. The common man usually just makes choices and does not wonder if this choice is truly a free one. Like many principles, the question of free will is not answered in consensus. This leads to the question “what are humans able to do?” Van Iwagen discusses free will in his essay The Powers of Rational Beings. He states that free will and determinism brings about a mystery.
Free Will: “For the most part, what philosophers working on this issue have been hunting for is a feature of agency that is necessary for persons to be morally responsible for their conduct.” (2)
Free will is described as making choices and actions with the ability to have done otherwise. Causal determinism threatens this principal, because if an event is predetermined, one could not have done otherwise. For example, if a person is pre-determined to watch a certain television show one evening, one does not have the ability to choose a different show to watch, and therefore, there is no use of free will. So, in the determinist’s eyes, free will is nonexistent.
Now, the argument for freewill states that nothing is determined and everything happens based off our own random actions and nothing is linked. Determinism takes a different route and believes every action is pre-determined and nothing is random because it has already been put in place to happen.
Throughout history, scientists and philosophers have pondered the question, “Do we as humans really make our own choices, or rather are our choices predetermined by some sort of natural order? Our decisions and actions may, in fact, even be the result of chemical reactions occurring in the neurons residing in our brain. We as humans are curious as to what “free will” is truly defined as. Whatever the answer, the question posed is one that will result in many different varying opinions, many of which could impact the worlds of both science and philosophy. The subject of free will vs. determinism is tackled by Scott Meyers in his novel, Off to Be the Wizard, which was released in March of 2014.
Whether we have free will is widely controversial. The absence of a universal definition poses a primary problem to this question. In this essay, I shall base my argument on a set of three conditions for free will: 1) that the actor is unconstraint in his action, 2) the actor could have acted otherwise and 3) the actor must be ‘ultimately responsible’ (Kane, 2005: 121) for his action. After I have explained them, I shall apply these conditions to three scenarios that cover most, if not any, circumstances that occur when taking choices. The purpose of this essay is to show that if my conditions are true, none of the scenarios is based on free will and thus we do not have free will.
Carl Hoefer, the author of “Causal Determinism” in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, states that the universal definition of determinism is “The world is governed by (or is under the sway of) determinism if and only if, given a specified way things are at a time t, the way things go thereafter is fixed as a matter of natural law.” (Hoefer, 2016) This definition is based on the concept that everything in the world can be explained and has a reason for existing at a certain time or place (Hoefer, 2016). Thomas Hobbes, one of the most renowned english philosophers who lived from 1588 to 1679, who many believe stated the most universal definition of free will as “A free agent is he that can do as he will, and forbear as he will, and that liberty is the absence of external impediments.” (Timpe, 2013) Kevin Timpe interpreted this definition as the ability to select a course of action being that the individual is free and not being restricted by an external force (Chains, Walls, Bars, etc)(Timpe, 2013). There are so many variants of these definitions and are always subject to change and
The notion of free will has received a lot of attention in philosophy. Before we can examine it, however, we must understand some basic terminology. Determinism, when simply put, is the idea that everything including thoughts, decisions, and actions are predetermined before it even happens. Everything was determined to happen up to what kind of toast you ate for breakfast. There is no choice, randomness, and free will does not exist. Indeterminism is the opposite of determinism. It is a theory that one event does not necessarily cause another event to happen, and that if you were to put the universe into rewind and play it over again, it would have a different outcome each time. Compatibilism or soft determinism, agrees that determinism
Free will is an often debated, and arguably overly analyzed topic. Theories abound stating anywhere from that there is not the possibility of free will to free will being a possibility with the theories to back up the claims. Addressing these theories and their arguments, both for and against should allow a person to come to a personal conclusion about the issue of free will, though the debate will undoubtedly continue long in to the future. This paper will discuss the views of Dennett and Skinner. It will address the three major theories that have been put forth as the truth behind free will. It will review the arguments against these, and whether people should be held accountable for their actions. Finally, it will help to draw practical
Are we free? All of us have a clear sense that we are free. We believe that our decisions are wholly our own, a result of our own reasoning and analysis. According to David Hume, the question of the nature of free will is “the most contentious question of metaphysics.” If Hume is correct, understanding of free will is a complex task indeed. At best to say that an agent has free will is to say that the agent has the ability and power to choose his or her course of action without constraint.
The core of free will is that the individual can respond in more than one situation to a given scenario. In the holding of a determinist, this holding is extremely flawed. Actions, including unconscious actions, are being done to bring an individual to the point where the person is left no option but to perform the action that was inevitably laid down
Free will vs determinism has been debated for centuries and touches on everything in our day to day lives. It focuses on whether we choose to act as we do, or whether behaviours are caused by influences beyond our control. Free will is the impression that we have some choice in how we act and accepts that we are free to indicate our own behaviour. Free will believes us to be self-determined.
Moreover, the only way to show existence of possibilities is through choices and randomness, so if the world is deterministic, there is no evidence that the world can possibly be anything but what it is; deciding what is possible would be a matter of convention and not reality. In a deterministic world, choosing to do otherwise is as impossible as choosing for 2+2 to equal five: Under no circumstance does any person has any choice.
In this essay I will explain why I think the strongest position of the free will debate is that of the hard determinists and clarify the objection that moral responsibility goes out the door if we don’t have free will by addressing the two big misconceptions that are associated with determinists: first that determinism is an ethical system, and secondly that contrary to common belief determinists do believe in the concept of cause and effect. I will also begin by explaining my position and why I believe that the position of the indeterminist does not hold water as an argument and the third