Federal Government Roles

Executive power is vested in the office of the President of the United States. The President has the dual role of being the chief of state and the head of government. The President is also commander in chief of the armed forces. He issues executive orders, and appoints Supreme Court justices (with senate approval). The president is also called "the chief legislator" because he indirectly proposes many bills, considers all bills from Congress and signs them into law or vetoes them.

Courts are established social, political, and judicial institutions necessary for the manifestation of justice and the maintenance of law and order. The courts are part of the judicial branch of government, as outlined in Article III of the United States Constitution. Courts are the arenas in which the law is tried and applied. Judges are the presiding officers of the court. The United States Supreme Court is the most fundamental court because has "the authority to decide the constitutionality of federal laws and resolve other disputes over them," (United States Courts, 2012). This is true even though even though the court does not expressly enforce that law; enforcement is the province of the executive branch.

Imprisonment as a last resort; that is the usual punishment should be a fine or community service, since imprisonment normally has detrimental effects;

The United States government operates under a federalist system meaning that there are two or more governments who share the same power over one geographic region. In this case it would be the state and federal governments. The 10th amendment of the U.S. Constitution summarizes the idea of federalism, stating that “The powers not delegated to the US by the Constitution, nor prohibited by the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people” (U.S. Constitution). This means that the federal government, whose jurisdiction is very limited, has jurisdiction over some thing while the state government has jurisdiction over

State court systems deal with issues of law relating to those matters that the U.S. Constitution did not give to the federal government such as most matters concerning the regulation of the family such as a marriages, divorces, adoptions; probate courts handle wills and estates. State courts also handle contract cases and tort cases such as personal injuries. State courts are the final arbiters of state laws and constitutions.

this is situations when people start to become aware or their own legal rights and looking to seek compensation. an individual will bring the case forward against another person (defendant) to claim any damages that have been caused.

governments, and it aimed to overturn Plessy. The case was a combination of five different

For starters, the National government has powers known as enumerated powers. Enumerated powers simply mean powers that they belong to the National government, stated in the Constitution. An example of some of the National governments powers is the power to regulate trade (Chapter 4, The Constitution, pg. 222). For example, if a country has unfair trading laws, or its difficult to trade they are in charge of making it so that it is easier and fair. Additionally, they have the power to set up federal courts. A federal court is a court that can only hear

It says in the constitution that the “judicial power of the United States shall be vested in

The legislative branch consists of Congress, Senate and the House of Representatives, executive branch consists of the president of the United States and the judicial branch consists of the Supreme Court. Although the branches are independent from each other one branch has the ability to check on the other two, to make sure no branch steps out of line in a system called checks and balances. An example of how the checks and balances work is that if the president tries to make or pass a law that is unfair the Judicial Branch can declare the action to be unconstitutional. The main purpose of the checks and balances system is to ensure that no branch is given too much power and to make sure that our rights are

29. i) Litigation is when people go to court in order to get a positive ruling for their cause. Interest groups use this technique to force lawmakers to change or add fair

particular type or cases relating to a specific subject matter. Under federal and state jurisdictions,

In legal terms, a government is a set of laws and regulations exerted on a group of individuals. Such an abstract concept, however, would be ineffective without citizens that enforce the established mandates of the government. Thus, the

d. Civil litigation: used to compensate someone for how much money was lost. Must reimburse victim for his loss.

Public interest litigation is the worldwide phenomena adopted by various countries of the world with the object of providing justice to all specially to those who are downtrodden, weak, poor, illiterate unable to approach the court for the enforcement of their rights by themselves. In public interest litigation the rule of locus standi has been relaxed considerably to provide access of justice to all the people despite of their vulnerable conditions, whereby any public spirited person or any organization can come forward in Court of law for the protection of the rights of such people. Since public interest litigation emerged as an advocacy strategy in the US civil rights movement, it has spread to other parts of the world. To varying degrees,